注意力焦點與高爾夫運動表現的研究典範：回顧與未來展望

Literature review and future prospects of research paradigm with attentional focus and golf performance

10.6497/BSEPT.201805_18(1).0005

蔡彥佑(Yen-Yu Tsai)；王國鑌(Kuo-Pin Wang)；陳泰廷(Tai-Ting Chen)

推桿 ； 切桿 ； 距離效應 ； 方法學 ； putting ； chipping ； distance effect ； methodology

臺灣運動心理學報

18卷1期（2018 / 05 / 01）

77 - 93

繁體中文

過去研究發現較佳的高爾夫運動表現與注意力分配有關，外在注意力焦點可能使動作系統呈現趨近自動化，進而提高動作效能，並產生較佳的高爾夫表現。然而，過去內外在注意力對於高爾夫運動表現的研究結果呈現出不一致。可能導致研究結果不一致的原因：無標準化的口頭指導語、表現評估方法並無考慮到動作穩定性、參與者是否有依照實驗操弄執行等方法學上的問題，使得結果產生變異。有鑑於此，本文欲歸納過去在注意力焦點與高爾夫運動研究典範，主要包含：指導語內容、表現評估方法及操弄檢測，進而歸納三者在各個研究可能影響實驗信度和效度的關鍵因子，最後提出對於未來可能之研究發展的建議。本文獲致以下有助於提升實驗品質的方法：（一）標準化指導語內容並分出近端及遠端外在注意力焦點；（二）加入分析變異誤差檢視動作穩定度；（三）加入指導語操弄檢測量表提供量化數據增加可信度。

Past research has revealed that better golf performance is associated with the allocation of attention. An external focus of attention makes the motor system approach to automaticity, and thus promotes the efficiency of attention and facilitates superior performance. However, the results of the relationship between attention of focus and golf performance seem inconsistent. Three methodological concerns to this issue might be included: no standardized verbal instructions, motor stability not to be considered in performance measurements, and whether participants perform according to the experimental instructions. In view of these, this article highlighted research paradigm between focus of attention and golf performance. Main critical factors contained the content of experimental instructions, performance measurement, and manipulation check list. This article also offered some suggestions for increasing reliability and validity, including external focus of attention subdividing into distal focus of attention, analyzing motor stability with variable error and adding analyzing manipulation check list with quantity data.

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