同時性動作震顫回饋對不同等級空氣手槍選手射擊技能表現的影響

The effects of concurrent tremor feedback on performance of pistol shooting of shooters in different skill levels

10.6497/BSEPT.202107_21(2).0002

陳秀惠(Hsiu-Hui Chen)

手槍射擊 ； 聽覺回饋 ； 震顫 ； 主成分分析 ； pistol shooting ； concurrent feedback ； tremor ； PCA

臺灣運動心理學報

21卷2期（2021 / 07 / 31）

21 - 41

繁體中文

目的：探討動作震顫的回饋如何影響空氣手槍射擊表現，本研究檢視了不同層級的空氣手槍選手在介入此訓練前後的表現。方法：32名空氣手槍選手參與本實驗且依照其技能水準與實驗要求分為四組：優秀實驗組（A組）、優秀控制組（D組）、一般實驗組（B組）、一般控制組（C組）。所有參與者皆於前測、後測以及保留測各進行一次60發的模擬比賽，測驗過程中收集全身主要動作肢段三維座標以及結果得分進行分析。在前測之後，實驗組介入8回合的以聽覺形式的同時性震顫回饋訓練。結果：在得分、肢段震顫幅度皆無組間與測驗間的差異，但比較個別參與者的測驗間槍頭的震顫幅度，發現有不同的變化趨勢。另外，以主成分分析就代表參與者的全身肢段動作協調的分析中發現，進步者經過訓練能將肢段震顫分散至各成分，但是退步者則過度集中動作於主要成分，反而加大震顫幅度。結論：利用同時性聽覺回饋對於空氣手槍選手射擊表現並無整體性的顯著影響，但對於個別選手的影響有所不同，在訓練上的應用宜考量個別差異且配合動作協調的檢視。

Purpose: The present study aimed to investigate how the feedback of movement tremor influenced the performance of shooting on pistol athletes of different skill levels. Method: Thirty- two air pistol athletes participated and were divided into four groups according to their skill levels: experimental elite (group A), control elite (group D), experimental pre-elite (group B) and control pre-elite (group C). All the participants took pre-tests, post-test and retain tests each with 60 shots as simulated competition. After pre-tests, participants in group A and group B had eight blocks of concurrent tremor training in audio form. Results: The results showed that no significant effect of groups or tests was found in score or in amplitude of tremor. However, tremor of gun changed among tests varied individually. Furthermore, the principal component analysis (PCA) on whole body movement coordination of representative participants showed that for those improved their stability of gun, the tremor was distributed among components. On the other hand, the regressed performers over concentrated their tremor on major component that resulted more tremor. Conclusion: While no significant effect of concurrent tremor feedback was found on shooting performance in general, specific influence was found in individual analysis. Personalized schedule and the examination of movement coordination in training should be valued when applying tremor information for pistol athletes.

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