普查資料之空間資料挖掘研究－以台北市便利商店區位分析為例

Spatial Data Mining on Census Data-A Case Study for Location Analysis of Convenience Stores in Taipei City

10.29790/JTGIS.200504.0004

榮峻德(Chin-Te Jung)；孫志鴻(Chih-Hong Sun)；李萬凱(Wan-Kai Lee)

空間資料挖掘 ； 關聯規則 ； GIS ； 普查資料 ； 區位分析 ； Spatial Data Mining ； Association Rules ； GIS ； census data ； location analysis

臺灣地理資訊學刊

2期（2005 / 04 / 01）

45 - 56

繁體中文

由於戶口、工商普查資料可以真實的反應區域裡的社會經濟情況，所以不管是政府部門或者是私人企業都可以用來作為規劃以及分析的依據。本研究因此整合了2000年台北市戶口普查資料、2001年台北市工商普查資料以及台北市的空間資料，並利用台北市土地利用現況調查資料以及台北市門牌地址點資料，將2001年工商普查資料從現行最小統計單元的「里」分派到與戶口普查資料對應的「普查區」空間單元中，成為台北市普查區的空間普查資料庫。並且使用資料挖掘技術中的關聯規則方法，應用在台北市便利商店區位分析中，挖掘出便利商店座落區域中的普查資料與其他空間資料的關連性，並將影響便利商店區位因子加以量化描述，找出平常所沒有注意到、有趣的關聯規則。最後整合GIS，將重要的規則在空間上做呈現，幫助後續決策者，重新評估便利商店的區位，或著在新設置便利商店的區位上，能夠有更進一步的參考。

Census data often accurately reflect the socio-economic trends and characteristics of the region under survey, they serve as a useful planning tool for both the government and the private enterprises. In this research, we collect the Taipei census data in 2000, the industrial census data in 2001, and the present Taipei geospatial data into the Spatial Census Database. In order to converse the industrial census data in 2001 into the same units of Taipei Census Database, we develop a data conversion model which use the land use data and ”Geographic Data Management System of Building Address” developed by Taipei Municipal Government to complete it. Such database is analyzed by the association rules of data mining in the location of the existing convenience stores in the Taipei area. The analysis unveils the interesting association rules among census, demographics and the location of convenience stores. Finally, this research incorporates geographic information system (GIS) technology to map the result of the analysis so as to provide a spatial representation that will be more easily understood.

1. 行政院主計處普查局
2. Agrawal, R.,Srikant, R.(1994).Fast algorithm for mining association rules.Proceedings of the Twentieth VLDB Conference
3. Appice, A.,Ceci, M.,Lanza, A.,Lisa, F.,Malerba, D.(2003).Discovery of spatial association rules in geo-referenced census data: a relational mining approach.Intelligent Data Analysis,7,541-566.
4. Applebaum, W.(1968).Guideline to Store Location Research-with Emphasis on Supermarket.Massachusetts:Addison-Wesley.
5. Bell, D. A.,Anand, S. S.,Shapcott, C. M.(1994).Data mining in spatial databases.Proc. International Workshop on Spatio-Temporal Databases.
6. Chawla, S.,Shekhar, S.,Wu, W.,Ozesmi, U.(2000).Extending data mining for spatial applications: a case study in predicting nest locations.2000 ACM SIGMOD Workshop on Research Issue in Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery, DMKD 2000.
7. Clementini, E.,Felice, D. P.,Koperski, K.(2000).Mining multiple-level spatial association rules for objects with a broad boundary.Data & Knowledge Engineering,34,251-270.
8. Egenhofer, M.(1991).Reasoning about binary topological relation.Proceedings of the Second Symposium on Large Spatial Databases.
9. Ester, M.,Kriegel, H.,Sander, J.(1999).Knowledge discovery in spatial databases.23rd German Conference on Artificial Intelligence, KI`99
10. Ester, M.,Kriegel, H.,Sander, J.(1997).Spatial data mining: a database approach.Proc. Fifth Symposium on Large Spatial Databases (SSD`97)
11. Fayyad, U.,Piatetsky-Shapiro, G.,Smyth, P.,Uthurusamy, R. (Eds.)(1996).Advances in Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining.Menlo Park, CA:AAAI.
12. Gruen, V.,Smith, L.(1960).Shopping Town U.S.A.: the Planning of Shopping Centers.New York:Van Nostrand Reinhold.
13. Han, J.,Fu, Y.(1995).Discovery of multiple-level association rules from large databases.Processings of the 21st International Conference on Very Large Databases
14. Han, J.,Kamber, M.(2000).Data Mining: Concept and Techniques.San Francisco:Morgan Kaufmann.
15. Han, J.,Koperski, K.,Stefanovic, N.(1997).GeoMiner: a system prototype for spatial data mining.Proc. ACM SIGMOD Conference on the Management of Data
16. Jenks, G. F.,Coulson, M. R.(1963).Class intervals for statistical maps.International Yearbook of Cartography.
17. Klösgen, W.,May, M.(2002).Census data mining-An Application.ECML/PKDD`02 Workshop on Mining Official Data.
18. Koperski, K.,Han, J.(1995).Discovery of spatial association rules in geographic information databases.Proceedings of 4th Symposium on Advances in Spatial Databases, SSD`95
19. Kuo, R. J.,Chi, S. C.,Kao, S. S.(2002).A decision support system for selecting convenience store location through integration of fuzzy AHP and artificial neural network.Computers in Industry,47,199-214.
20. Malerba, D.,Lisi, A. F.,Appice, A.,Sblendorio, F.(2002).Mining Spatial Association Rules in Census Data: A Relational Approach.Proceedings of the ECML/PCDD`02 workshop on mining official data.
21. Mennis, J.,Liu, J. W.(2003).Mining association rules in spatial-temporal data.7th International Conference on Geocomputation
22. Miller, J. H.,Han, J.(2001).Geographic Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery.London:Taylor & Francis.
23. Nelson, R. L.(1968).The Selection of Retail Location.New York:McGraw-Hill.
24. Ng, R. T.(1996).Spatial data mining: discovering knowledge of cluster from maps.Proc. ACM SIGMOD Workshop on Research Issues on Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery.
25. Ng, R. T.,Han, J.(1994).Efficient and effective clustering method for spatial data mining.Proceedings of 1994 International Conference Very Large Data Bases
26. Shekhar, S.,Chawla, S.(2003).Spatial Databases: A Tour.Prentice Hall.
27. Zhou, X.,Truffet, D.,Han, J.(1999).Efficient polygon amalgamation methods for spatial OLAP and spatial data mining.Proc. 6th International Symposium on Spatial Databases (SSD`99)
28. 方國定、許欽嘉(1999)。便利商店利地選擇之評估—AHP決策模式。科技學刊，8(1)，31-43。
29. 白仁德、黃茹偵(2004)。北二高沿線人口成長及空間分佈型態變遷之研究。「人口、家庭與國民健康政策回顧與展望」研討會
30. 朱子豪、孫志鴻、蔡博文(1990)。內政部地理資訊應用之研究－戶口普查資料運用檢討與規劃。內政部資訊中心。
31. 李萬凱、孫志鴻(2003)。國土規劃與土地利用模擬之研究－以台北都會區為例。地理資訊與國土規劃利用研討會
32. 李萬凱、白仁德(2003)。地理資訊系統空間資料庫網格化轉換作業之研究。2003四學會聯合論文研討會
33. 林晶晶(2003)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。私立中國文化大學地學研究所。
34. 孫嘉玲(2000)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。國立台灣大學經濟學研究所。
35. 許麗惠(2001)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。私立逢甲大學土地管理學系。
36. 經濟部商業司(2000)。便利商店經營管理技術實務手冊。台北:經濟部。
37. 蔡博文、吳淑瓊、李介中(2004)。台灣2000年戶口住宅普查與門牌地址之整合應用：長期照護設施空間分析。人口學刊，28，135-152。
38. 羅國華(2000)。電腦方法在普查上之應用—資料處理與地理發展。公元兩千年人口普查相關問題－實務與研究學術研討會論文集

1. (2019)。便利商店座位區使用情形比較：以高雄市兩間統一超商門市為例的觀察研究。正修通識教育學報，16，127-163。