應用高解像力遙測影像於台北市建物屋頂加蓋物之監測

Application of High-resolution Remote Sensing Imagery to Monitoring Illegal Rooftop Structures an Experimental Case in Taipei City

10.29790/JTGIS.200510.0002

張家豪(Chia-Hao Chang)；朱子豪(Tzu-How Chu)；劉英毓(Yin-Yu Liu)

遙測影像 ； HIS影像 ； 屋頂加蓋物 ； remote sensing image ； HIS Hue ； Intensity ； Saturation image ； illegal rooftop structure

臺灣地理資訊學刊

3期（2005 / 10 / 01）

15 - 26

繁體中文

隨著社會經濟的發展，都市人口數不斷增加，造成在寸土寸金的都市地區中，土地或建物的違規使用事件層出不窮。而在都市地區最常發生的土地或建物違規使用，莫過於建物屋頂加蓋物。如此情況，往往造成違建查報單位於人力負擔上更為加重。本研究欲透過遙測資料可快速且大面積獲取地表空間資訊之特性，進行高精度與高自動化的建物屋頂加蓋物偵測，以期有效減少並遏阻屋頂加蓋物的發生。本研究以高解析度遙測影像、HIS影像與數值地形圖中之建物邊界資訊結合，進行建物屋頂形狀及材質分析，若建物屋頂結構上屬於雙斜頂（人字型屋頂）且材質為鐵皮者，即判釋為具有屋頂加蓋物；反之，則判釋為非屋頂加蓋物。若建物僅符合其一條件，則輔以影像相對高度測量與人工判釋，抽取其高度資訊並比對建物使用許可高度，藉此判斷是否有屋頂加蓋物的發生。以本研究所提出之方法進行屋頂加蓋物判釋，於台北市陽明山部分地區進行測試，影像判釋的整體判釋精度可達95.77%。藉由本研究所提出之屋頂加蓋物偵測法所產生之監測成果，日後則可與建管單位之相關查報資料比對，找出違建確切發生地點、建立違建發生之時間資料庫，並可持續追蹤違建拆除成效，必能有效的節省相關單位在屋頂加蓋物查報上花費的人力及時間成本。

Rooftop structures, the most common annexes to residential buildings in cities of Taiwan, are the lowest-cost way for dwelling units on the top floor to gain additional indoor space. However, almost all of rooftop structures are illegal for lack of construction licenses, the most common among all illegal uses of land and buildings in urban areas. As illegal rooftop structures are so many, complete spot check by local governments will incur huge amount of labor and time. To solve the problem, this study applies high-resolution remote sensing image, HIS (hue, intensity, saturation) image and features of periphery of buildings reflected on digital topographic maps in combination to accurate and highly automated detection of illegal rooftop structures. There are two criteria, one for shape and the other for construction material, for interpreting a rooftop structure as illegal: the top of the structure consists of a horizontal beam and two tilting planes on the two sides of the beam (shape); the top is made of steel or alloy plates (construction material) . For rooftop structures only with either of the two conditions, auxiliary measurement and manually interpretation are used to make sure whether they are illegal. The detecting model was tested in an area of Yangming Mountain in the north of Taipei City, resulting in overall interpreting accuracy of 95.77%. It is therefore concluded that the model is largely cost-effective in monitoring illegal rooftop structures and thus can be used to set up databases of illegal rooftop structures, including location and time, through integration with personal inspection of such structures by local governments.

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