空間資料庫之關聯樣式探勘

Mining Association Pattern from Spatial Database

10.29790/JTGIS.200510.0003

鄒明城(Ming-Cheng Tsou)；孫志鴻(Chin-Hong Sun)

資料探勘 ； 地理資訊系統 ； 地震引致山崩 ； Data Mining ； Geographic Information System ； Earthquake-Induced Landslide

臺灣地理資訊學刊

3期（2005 / 10 / 01）

27 - 41

繁體中文

隨著資訊科技的迅速發展，地理資訊系統在環境議題的研究上扮演越來越重要的角色。然而，傳統的資料庫管理系統與地理資訊系統，已不能充分滿足在空間決策支援上的需要，空間資料探勘的技術已越來越受重視。再者，空間資料通常是彼此交互關聯的，一種空間現象的分佈不只跟自己本身的特徵有關，更與其它鄰近空間現象有著某種程度的關聯或相互依存。本研究以集集大地震引致的山崩為案例，利用地理資訊系統強大的空間資料處理能力，將相關資料建立成提供資料探勘使用的資料倉儲。再利用關聯法則分析與等級相關分析等資料探勘技術，探索隱含於地震山崩與相關背景環境因子間的關聯樣式，獲致重要的結果，相信這樣的方法可以應用於日後其它具豐富地理資料庫的環境議題上。

Geographic Information Systems (GIS) is growing popularity and gaining importance in environmental applications, as the technology advances in spatial data handling and analysis. However, GIS technology still fails to meet the demand for spatial decision support fully, because it is incapable of eliciting meaningful information from volumetric multidimensional geospatial data. Recently, geospatial data mining emerges as a promising approach to meet the challenge. In particular, mining patterns of spatial association can reveal variables that may be related in some way and, therefore, can be set forth to formulate hypotheses. In this study, we analyze the association pattern between landslides induced by Chi-Chi earthquake and environmental variables to demonstrate the use of two spatial data mining techniques, association rules mining and Spearman rank correlation, to gain insights into environment settings vulnerable to landslides after Chi-Chi earthquake in central Taiwan. While the case study is specific, our approach is applicable to associate environmental variables that may address other environmental issues of interest.

1. Agrawal, R.,Imielinske, T.,Swami, A.(1993).Mining association rules between sets of items in large database.Proc. of ACM-SIGMOD 1993 Int. Conference of Management of data,Washington, D. C:
2. Agrawal, R.,Srikant, R.(1994).Fast algorithms for mining association rules.Proc. of the 20th International Conference on very large database (VLDB),Santiago:
3. Berry, M.,Linoff, G. S.(1997).Data Mining Techniques for Marketing, Sales and Customer Support.New York:John Wiley and Sons.
4. Chen, M.-S.,Han, J.,Yu, P. S.(1996).Data mining: an overview from a database perspective.IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering,8(6),20-35.
5. Fayyad, U. M.,Piatetsky-Shapiro, G.,Smyth, P.,Uthurusamy, R. (eds.)(1996).Advances in Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining.AAAI.
6. Han, J.(1999).Int. J. Urban and P., Encyclopedia of Distributed Computing.Kuwer Academic.
7. Jenks, G. F.,Coulson, M. R.(1963).Class intervals for statistical maps.International Yearbook of Cartography,3,119-134.
8. Kangkachit, T.,Waiyamai, K.(2002).Proc. Information and Computer Engineering Postgraduate Workshop (IECP 2002).Thailand:
9. Keefer, D. K.(1984).Landslides caused by earthquakes.Geological Society of America Bulletin,95,406-421.
10. Keissner, C.(1998).Data Mining for Enterprise.Proc. Of the 31st Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Science (HICCS 98)
11. Koperski, K.,Adhihary, J.,Han, J.(1996).Spatial data mining: progress and challenges survey paper.SIGMOD`96 Workshop on Research Issues on Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery
12. Koperski, K.,Han, J.(1995).Discovery of Spatial Association Rules in Geographical Information Database.Proc. 4th Int. Symposium on Large Spatial Database
13. Lu, W.,Han, J.,Ooi, D. C.(1993).Proc. Far East Workshop on Geographic Information System.Singapore:
14. Mennis, J.,Liu, J. W.(2003).Proc. GeoComputation 2003 (GeoComputation CD-ROM).Southampton, UK:
15. Miller, H. J.,Han, J. (eds.)(2001).Geographic Data Mining and Knowledge Discover.New York:Taylor and Francis.
16. Refice, A.(2002).Probabilistic modeling of uncentainties in earthquake-infuced landslide hazard assesment.Computer & Geoscience,28,735-749.
17. Roiger, R. J.,Geatz, M. W.(2002).Data Mining-A Tutorial-Based Primer.Addison Wesley.
18. Tang, H.,McDonald, S.(2001).Spatial Data Mining and University Courses Marketing, Proc. GeoComputation 2001 (GeoComputation CD-ROM).Brisbane, Australia:
19. Wang, K.,Tay, S. H.(1998).Interestingness-based interval merger for numerical association rules.Proc. of the 4th International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining
20. Zhao, L.(2000).Integrating rank correlation techniques with GIS for marketing analysis.Proc. GeoComputation 2000 (GeoComputation CD-ROM).
21. Zhu, A.-X.(1999).A personal construct-based knowledge acquisition process for natural resource mapping.Int. J. Geographical Information Science,13(2),119-141.
22. 洪如江、林美聆、陳天健、王國隆(2000)。921集集大地震相關的坡地災害、坡地破壞特性、與案例分析。地工技術，8，17-32。
23. 許煜煌(2002)。國立台灣大學土木工程研究所。
24. 童啟哲(2001)。國立台灣大學土木工程研究所。
25. 鄒明城、孫志鴻(2004)。資料探勘技術在集集大地震引致山崩之研究。國立台灣大學地理學報，36，117-131。
26. 廖軒吾(2000)。國立中央大學地球物理研究所。
27. 鍾新南(2003)。國立台灣大學地理環境資源研究所。