運動志工之心理需求滿足、工作動機與組織承諾

Satisfaction of Psychological Needs, Work Motivation, and Organizational Commitment of Sport Volunteers

10.6547/tassm.2011.0010

蕭嘉惠(Chia-Huei Hsiao)；徐偉庭(Wei-Ting Hsu)；吳國銑(Kuo-Hsien Wu)

自我決定理論 ； 運動組織 ； 中介效應 ； self-determination theory ； sport organization ； mediating effect

臺灣體育運動管理學報

11卷3期（2011 / 09 / 01）

215 - 232

繁體中文

目的：一、瞭解不同背景變項之運動志工在組織承諾上之差異。二、探討運動志工之心理需求滿足對其組織承諾之預測。三、探討運動志工之工作動機在心理需求滿足及組織承諾之中介效應。方法：研究參與者為323位運動志工，分別測量其背景變項、心理需求、組織承諾與工作動機。所得資料以單因子多變量變異數分析、多元階層迴歸分析與Sobel test進行統計分析。結果：一、不同性別、年齡與年資之運動志工在組織承諾上無顯著差異。二、運動志工之自主感與勝任感可正向預測組織承諾，而關係感則無法顯著預測。三、工作動機在自主感與組織承諾之間存在中介效應，在關係感與組織承諾之間則不存在。結論：對於運動志工之組織承諾而言，自主感與勝任感實為重要之預測因子，運動組織的主事者應盡可能的滿足運動志工自主感與勝任感之需求。至於關係感的檢驗與其他前置因子的探究，則為未來研究可發展之方向。

Purpose: The purposes of this study are to (1) understand the organizational commitment differences of sport volunteers caused by their background variables; (2) examine the predictability psychological needs have on their organizational commitment; and (3) identify the mediating effects of work motivation between psychological needs and organizational commitment.Methods: The participants of this study were 323 sport volunteers. Each participant completed a background variables questionnaire, psychological need inventory, organizational commitment inventory, and work motivation inventory. Data were analyzed using one-way MANOVA, multiple hierarchical regression analysis, and Sobel test.Result: (1) No significant difference in organizational commitment existed between gender, age, and seniority. (2) Participants' autonomy and competency could positively predict their organizational commitment; however, their relatedness could not. (3) Work motivation had mediating effects between autonomy and organizational commitment, but not between relatedness and organizational commitment.Conclusion: Regarding sport volunteers' organizational commitment, autonomy and competency were important predictors. Leaders of sports organizations should endeavor to satisfy volunteers' needs for autonomy and competency. Future researchers should examine volunteers' relatedness and investigate other antecedents.

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