國際綜合性運動賽事效益、成本結構與經費補助關聯研究

Analyzing event benefits, expenditure category, and financial reimbursement program in international multi-sport events

10.6547/tassm.2016.0010

許建民(Chien-Ming Hsu)；黃煜(Yu Huang)

賽事效益 ； 成本類型 ； 補助區隔 ； event benefits ； expenditure category ； reimbursement scheme

臺灣體育運動管理學報

16卷2期（2016 / 12 / 01）

59 - 78

繁體中文

目的：本研究的主要目的在提出不同等級之國際綜合性運動賽事補助區隔，首先透過賽事效益之歸納，推衍出不同賽事等級；其後藉由賽事成本項目之分析，獲得不同類型之成本屬性；最後再以賽事等級和成本屬性類型之搭配，提出本研究最終之經費補助區隔。方法：以14位具不同背景之專家學者為研究參與者，進行北、中、南3場焦點團體座談，藉由專家學者之討論，提出國際綜合性運動賽事效益之層級架構。另也針對5位曾辦理綜合性運動賽事之運動組織，或曾申辦綜合性運動賽事之地方政府行政人員進行個人訪談，以釐清舉辦國際綜合性運動賽事之成本結構。結果：總計獲得7個領域範疇72個指標細項之賽事效益，並藉由效益之影響層面推導出3種不同的賽事等級，配合所歸結的3種不同成本屬性，提出3種不同賽事等級之經費補助項目與比例。結論：以賽事效益所推導出的賽事等級可做為中央政府提供地方申辦國際綜合性運動賽事經費補助之依據，為此，中央政府必須盡速釐清與公告賽事等級，並且地方政府也應清楚知道申辦賽事之方向與目標為何。

Purpose: This study developed a financial reimbursement program for hosts of international multi-sport events. First, an evaluation framework for the positive benefits of sport events was created for prioritizing the bidding and hosting of international sport events. Second, event expenditure was categorized as a vital reference for further financial reimbursement. A financial reimbursement scheme was developed based on the hierarchy levels of international multi-sport events as well as the category of the event cost. Methods: Three focus groups were organized to develop an evaluation framework for the benefits of sport events. Fourteen experts were selected according to their profession. In-depth interviews with senior administrators from local governments and sports federations were conducted for categorizing the expenditure of international multi-sport events. Results: Seven dimensions and 72 indicators of the benefits of international multi-sport events were established to propose a three-tier concept of international multi-sport events. Event expenditure was categorized into three parts. The proportion and category of financial assistance toward the host city were elicited on the basis of the three tiers of sport events as well as event expenditure categories. Conclusion: The three-tier concept of international sport events with various benefits can serve as guidance for national governments in providing local host cities with financial assistance. To ensure that host cities understand the policy for hosting international sport events and implementing a financial reimbursement plan, central governments must initiate a solid publicity program.

1. 曹校章、林聯喜(2012)。2009 年臺北聽障奧運觀賞者觀光意象、滿意度與重遊意願研究。體育學報，45，127-144。
   連結：
2. 許光麃、黃建松(2006)。國際大型運動賽會主辦城市形象塑造之探討。中華體育季刊，20(2)，65-74。
   連結：
3. 劉以德(2008)。成本效益分析於運動賽會經濟評估上之角色。大專體育，97，64-71。
   連結：
4. Department for culture, media and sport. (2012). A stage to inspire: Guidance on bidding and staging major sporting events in the UK. 2013, October 15, Retrieved from UK Sport, Web site: http://www.uksport.gov.uk/publications/a-stage-to-inspire
5. 臺北市議會(2008) 。「2009 年聽障奧運，2010 年國際花卉博覽會準備及執行檢討」專案報告。臺北市議會公報，77(8) ，2273-2289
6. 高雄世運會 (2007) 。第八屆世界運動會。2013 年12 月15 日，取自財團法人2009 世界運動會組織委員會基金會，網址http://www.worldgames2009.khms.gov.tw/wg2009/cht/koc_twg2009.php
7. 中華民國大專院校體育總會 (2012) 。近五屆世大運基本資料分析。2014 年1月10 日，取自大專體總世界大學運動會基礎資料庫系統，網址http://infosu.ctusf.org.tw/index.php?option=com_ content &view=article&id=11&Itemid =20
8. Canadian Heritage (2008). Federal policy for hosting international sport events. 2013, October 7, Retrieved from Government of Canada, Canadian Heritage, Web site: http://www.pch.gc.ca/eng/ 1358347824597/
9. 程紹同 (2011，12 月1 日) 。主辦世大運的時代意義。中國時報，A14 版
10. UK Sport (2012). Gold event series investment guide 2013～2019. 2013, October 15, Retrieved from UK Sport, Web site: https://www.uksport.gov.uk/docLib/What-we-do/Events/ GoldEventSeries InvestmentGuide.pdf
11. 《體育大國向體育強國邁進的理論與實踐研究》課題組(2010)。體育強國戰略研究。北京:人民體育。
12. Bob, U.,Kassens-Noor, E.(2012).An indicator framework to assess the legacy impacts of the 2010 FIFA World Cup.African Journal for Physical, Health Education, Recreation and Dance,18,12-21.
13. Bob, U.,Swart, K.(2010).Sport events and social legacies.Alternation,17(2),72-95.
14. Chappelet, J.,Junod, T.(2006).A tale of 3 Olympic cities: What can Turin learn from the Olympic legacy of other Alpine cities?.Major sport events as opportunity for development, Valencia summit proceedings,Valencia:
15. Cornelissen, S.,Bob, U.,Swart, K.(2011).Towards redefining the concept of legacy in relation to sport mega-events: Insights from the 2010 FIFA World Cup.Development Southern Africa,28,307-318.
16. Kaplanidou, K.,Karadakis, K.(2010).Understanding the legacies of a host Olympic city: The Case of the 2010 Vancouver Olympic Games.Sport Marketing Quarterly,19,110-117.
17. Leopkey, B.,Parent, M. M.(2012).Olympic Game legacy: From general benefits to sustainable long-term legacy.International Journal of the History of Sport,29,924-943.
18. Liu, D.,Broom, D.,Wilson, R.(2014).Legacy of the Beijing Olympic Games: A non-host city perspective.European Sport Management Quarterly,14(5),485-502.
19. Preuss, H.(2000).Economics of the Olympic games: Hosting the games 1972~2000.Sydney:Walla Walla.
20. Sant, S.- L.,Mason, D. S.(2015).Framing event legacy in a prospective host city: Managing Vancouver's Olympic bid.Journal of Sport Management,29,42-56.
21. Swart, K.,Bob, U.(2012).Mega sport event legacies and the 2010 FIFA World Cup.African Journal for Physical, Health Education, Recreation and Dance,18(Supplement 1),1-11.
22. The OGI-UBC Research Team(2009).Olympic games impact (OGI) study for the 2010 Olympic and Paralympic winter games: Pre-games technical report.Vancouver:University of British Columbia.
23. TSE Consulting(2010).Developing a winning sports event strategy: A four-step approach for successful bidding and hosting.Switzerland:TSE Consulting.
24. University of Eastern London,Thames Gateway Institute for Sustainability(2010).Olympic games impact study - London 2012 pre-games report.London:Economic and Social Research Council.
25. Walmsley, D.(2013).The bid book: Matching sport events and hosts.London:Philip Savage.
26. 馬岳琳(2012)。2012 倫敦奧運17 天打造下個70 年。天下雜誌，497，122-132。
27. 楊倩(2004)。體育賽事主體目標及其成本結構研究。體育賽事運作效益評估研究文集（下冊），北京:

1. 黃賢哲,黃煜,許建民,李建業(2022)。賽事認同與商品屬性對授權商品購買意願的影響：知覺價值的中介效果。體育學報，55(3)，291-308。
2. 黃煜,許建民(2020)。國際運動賽事衝擊面面觀－在地永續的觀點。中華體育季刊，34(4)，229-237。
3. 劉述懿、黃景達(2018)。賽事舉辦對扯鈴運動發展與推廣的影響。大專體育，147，10-20。