都市在區域發展上的角色

The Role of City on the Regional Development

10.7110/HKGJ.200606.0001

薛益忠(Yi-Chung Hsueh)

波及效益擴散作用 ； 都市發展策略 ； 成長極理論 ； 工業－都市假說 ； 空間發展階段模式 ； spread effect ； urban development strategy ； growth-pole theory ； industrialurban hypothesis ； stages of spatial development model

華岡地理學報

19期（2006 / 06 / 01）

1 - 21

繁體中文

區域發展常產生三個重大問題，即：(1)隨著經濟發展，區域間的差距加大；(2)隨著經濟發展，城鄉間的差距加大；及(3)大都會無限的蔓延。這些問題普遍存在於已發展與發展中國家，特別在發展中國家尤然。 理論上，都市常可透過其“波及（效益擴散）作用”，對鄰近廣大鄉村地區產生淨正面的衝擊。許多區域發展理論就是基於這樣的理念，而形成與都市有關的區域發展理論，如源自貝隆(Perroux)的成長極理論，蘇舒(Schultz)工業－都市假說，及富利德曼(Friedmann)的空間發展階級模式。根據上述的理論與概念，許多以都市爲區域發展的策略，又稱爲“都市發展策略”(urban development strategies)，於焉產生。不同的都市發展策略可分別解決或減輕區域發展的問題，包括上述三大問題及其他。 本文的目的在於整合、分析及詮釋與“都市發展策略”有關之概念、理論及策略。

With respect to the regional development, there are three main problems, i.e.: (1) With economic development, the regional disparity increases: (2) With economic development, the disparity between urban places and rural areas increases; and (3) Uncontrolled sprawl of the metropolitan areas. These problems, along with others, happened in both of developed and developing countries, especially in the developing countries. Theoretically, the urban places have, through the so-called ”spread effect”, a net positive impact on the vast surrounding rural areas. Based on the concept, many urban-based regional development theories have been developed, such as Perroux's growth-pole theory. Schultz's industrial-urban hypothesis, and Friedmann's stages of spatial development model. Based on the aforementioned concepts and theories, different urban-oriented regional development strategies also called as ”urban development strategies” have thus formulated These different kinds of urban development strategies have been used in regional development in order to solve or reduce the main problems resulted from the regional development. It's the purposes of this paper to integrate and analyze the basic concepts, theories and strategies related to the urban development strategies.

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