從臺灣環境災害教育發展論述地理學門

Discussion on the Development of Geography Based on Taiwan's Environment and Disaster Education

陳炳森(Ping-Sen Chen)；李建平(Chien-Ping Lee)；曾宇良(Yu-Liang Tseng)；莊翰華(Han-Hwa Juang)

環境科學 ； 災害科學 ； 防災 ； 永續發展 ； 地理學 ； environmental science ； natural hazards ； disaster prevention ； sustainable development ； geography

華岡地理學報

30期（2014 / 06 / 01）

13 - 35

繁體中文

近年來自921大地震到88莫拉克風災，發現自然或人為災害在臺灣發生次數增加，顯現臺灣存在人類與環境間如何永續共存問題，相對的，各種環境災害類相關科系發展方向也轉變隨之調整，無論從既有相關科系經整併或改變研究方向等皆有，期望在此新興產業取得先機；其中，隨著複合型災害發生，硬體工程安全係數已不足，且國內產官學界對於防災領域產業已逐漸從硬體防災工程轉為重視軟體之離災科學，故如何在環境與災害科學研究轉向之際，尋得地理學門發展契機是本研究主要課題。爰以，首先就環境與災害擬訂相關科學之應有專業內容，其次用量化統計模式分析台灣各大學院校篩選出計23個學校及51個系，進行環境災害產業發展趨勢分析，並對照前面結果予以分類，再來對國內各地理學系（所）教學內容探討比較，經歸納目前環境與防災教育等結構性問題後，運用SWOT方式就地理學系所發展環境災害領域之競爭優劣勢與契機申論，再配合6位國內產官學界專家訪談，提出地理系（所）於環境災害產業發展策略，就現有的師資與課程以TOWS矩陣策略操作模式描述，最後提出可行性分析與課程類型調整建議，期望提供讓地理學門在環境災害教育發展上能更貼近防災科系與科學演變。

In recent years, from the Chi-Chi Earthquake in 1999 to the Typhoon Morakot in 2009, the increasing number of natural disasters or man-made impacts has indicated the sustainable problem of coexistence between the human and environment in Taiwan. Because of the rising concerns about the living environment, various departments and classes relative to environmental disasters have changed the research directions or future plans, and all these want to achieve the leadership in the emerging field. Because of the serious impact from the compound hazards, and by observing and studying the domestics industry, academics, and governments, it has been noted that the disaster prevention has changed from the ＂hardware＂ engineering practices to the ＂software＂ science of disaster preparation. Therefore, the method and suggestions to find the leading role for the Dept. of Geography in this special moment is the major subject in this research. This research first analyzed the current content and needs of disaster prevention, and determined the necessary courses and disciplines to fulfill the requirements. Total of 23 universities, or 51 departments had been included in statistics study to find the developing tend in Taiwan's disaster industry. The teaching content and classes provided by each Dept. of Geography in universities had been studied for their relationship with the necessary disaster-related disciplines. Finally a SWOT analysis was applied to discuss the advantages and disadvantages of the Dept. of Geography when competing with other disciplines on disaster prevention science. With the interviews and discussion with six experts from different fields, in association with the SWOT results, this research proposed the development strategy of Geography in the disaster-related industry, and suggested improvement in faculty and teaching resources using the TOWS matrix. With all these approaches, the Geography is expected to get more involved in the trend and changes in the disaster science and industry.

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