地方政府職員個人特徵對LMX領導型態認知與組織承諾差異之關聯性研究

An Investigation of the Relationships between Individual Characteristics of Civil Servants of the Local Government, Leader-Member Exchange (LMX) Cognition, and Organizational Commitment

10.6736/JPSR.200903_6(1).0003

黃烈堂(Lieh-Tang Huang)；林顯輝(Shean-Huei Lin)；杜俊和(Michael Chun-Ho Tu)

地方政府 ； 個人特徵 ； 領導者－部屬交換理論Leader-Member Exchange Theory, LMX ； 組織承諾 ； Local Government ； Individual Characteristics ； Leader-Member Exchange Theory LMX ； Organizational Commitment

績效與策略研究

6卷1期（2009 / 03 / 01）

49 - 65

繁體中文

在地方政府組織中各一級單位主管及所屬一級機關首長須帶領公務員執行公務並擔負領導責任，及思謀如何有效運用領導行為，以帶領組織團隊達成組織目標及提昇政策績效。本研究目的主在探討地方政府職員個人特徵對LMX領導型態認知差異與組織承諾差異及LMX領導型態與組織承諾之關聯性；以屏東縣政府組織中依法考試及格之第一職等至第九職等之職員為研究對象。 本研究主要採用問卷調查法，以SPSS12.0統計分析軟體之統計分析方法針對問卷調查所蒐集之727份樣本資料進行分析檢定，以探究各研究變項間的關係並驗證各項研究假設。本研究之研究結果發現： 一、部屬會因年齡、職位、職等、公職年資、任職單位、婚姻狀況等個人特徵，而對局、處長LMX領導型態的認知有顯著差異。 二、部屬之年齡、職位、職等、公職年資、婚姻狀況等個人特徵與組織承諾有顯著差異。 三、LMX領導型態與部屬的組織認同、留職意願有顯著正相關。 本研究綜合研究結果，提出研究建議予地方政府參考，期望局、處首長能有效領導屬員，並提昇部屬的組織承諾，進而促使組織運作順暢、提高組織績效。

The senior officers of local governments shoulder the responsibility of leading civil servants to complete their tasks. In order to lead the team to achieve the organization goals and to enhance strategic performance, they need to devise how to utilize the leadership behavior effectively. This study investigates whether individual characteristics of civil servants of the local government affect LMX cognition and organizational commitment. The sample population was selected from civil servants of job level 1 to 9 of the Pingtung county government. Primary data was collected through questionnaire. 1000 questionnaires were distributed, and achieved a valid return rate of 72.7%. The data was conducted thru SPSS 12.0 to investigate the assumptions. The results displayed were: 1. Significant differences were shown between LMX leadership styles and the demographic variables (age, job post, job level, seniority, the department of job post, and marital status). 2. Significant differences were shown between organizational commitment and the demographic variables (age, job post, job level, seniority, the department of job post, and marital status). 3. Positive correlation was shown between the LMX leadership styles and organizational commitment. The results provide practical reference for government offices when making strategic management decisions as it illustrates that effective leadership style is able to enhance subordinates' organizational commitment; in turn, leading to high organizational performance.

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