樂齡族群休閒態度、健康促進生活型態與健康行為自我效能關係之研究

A Study of Relationship among the Senior Learners' Leisure Attitude, Health-Promotion Lifestyle and Health Behavior Self-Efficacy

10.6214/JSRM.1104.005

蔡正育(Cheng-Yu Tsai)

樂齡族群 ； 休閒態度 ； 健康促進生活型態 ； 健康行為自我效能 ； Senior learner ； Leisure attitude ； Health-promotion lifestyle ； Health behavior self-efficacy

運動休閒管理學報

11卷4期（2014 / 12 / 01）

53 - 67

繁體中文

本研究旨在探討樂齡族群休閒態度、健康促進生活型態與健康行為自我效能之關係。以台南市36個樂齡學習中心的中老年人為研究對象，發出400份問卷，回收有效問卷共358份，有效問卷回收率89.5%。回收資料經典型相關統計分析，研究發現如下：一、休閒態度與健康促進生活型態有顯著之典型相關存在，而在控制變項與效標變項呈現兩組顯著之典型變量。二、休閒態度與健康行為自我效能具顯著之典型相關，並有兩組顯著之典型變量。三、健康促進生活型態與健康行為自我效能亦呈現顯著之典型相關，且有三組顯著之典型變量。結果顯示樂齡族群的休閒態度、健康促進生活型態與健康行為自我效能彼此皆具顯著且正向之影響。此結果可協助政府單位在制定相關休閒措施上之依據，亦可作為醫療照護機構提供活動設計之參考。

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship among the senior learners' leisure attitude, health-promotion lifestyle, and health behavior self-efficacy. Subjects of this research were recruited from thirty-six Senior Citizens Learning Centers in Tainan City. Four hundred survey forms were distributed to collect data, and 358 valid surveys were returned for a 89.5 % response rate. The Canonical Correlation was used to analyze data. The results showed as follows: 1. There is significant canonical correlation between leisure attitude and health-promotion lifestyle. Two significant canonical variates resulted from the linear combination of leisure attitude and health-promotion lifestyle. 2. There is significant canonical correlation between leisure attitude and health behavior self-efficacy. Two significant canonical variates resulted from the linear combination of leisure attitude and health behavior self-efficacy. 3. There is significant canonical correlation between health-promotion lifestyle and health behavior self-efficacy. Three significant canonical variates resulted from the linear combination of health-promotion lifestyle and health behavior self-efficacy. The results indicated that there were positively and significantly influences among leisure attitude, health-promotion lifestyle and health behavior self-efficacy of senior learners. The results of this investigation can be a meaningful implication to both government and medical care system for formulating or designing proper leisure-related policies and programs.

1. 林美聲、黃松元(2006)。中小學學校護理人員健康促進生活型態之研究─以宜蘭縣中小學學校護理人員為例。學校衛生，48，1-17。
   連結：
2. 黃振紅、呂碧琴(2012)。淡水地區大學生休閒運動態度、阻礙、體驗與幸福感之關係模式。台大體育學刊，22，49-61。
   連結：
3. 羅明葵、徐昌俊(2010)。以身體活動發展老人健康促進服務。大專體育，111，69-74。
   連結：
4. World Health Organization (2014). Cancer. Retrieved. March 2, 2014, from http://www.who.int/medacentre/factsheets/fs297/en/
5. Bandura, A.(1986).Social foundations of thought and action: A social cognitive theory.Englewood Cliffs, NJ:Prentice-Hall.
6. Bandura, A.(1977).Self-efficacy: Toward a unifying theory of behavior change.Psychological Review,84(2),191-215.
7. Becker, H.,Stuifbergen, A.,Oh, H.,Hall, S.(1993).Self-related abilities for health practices: A health self-efficacy measure.Health Values,17(5),42-50.
8. Cassidy, T.(1996).All work and no play: a focus on leisure time as a means for promoting health.Counseling Psychology Quarterly,9(1),77-90.
9. Cassidy, T.(2005).Leisure, coping and health: the role of social, family and peer relationship factors.British Journal of Guidance & Counseling,33(1),51-66.
10. Chiu, L. K.(2009).University students' attitude, self-efficacy and motivation regarding leisure time physical participation.Jurnal Pendidik dan Pendidikan,24,1-15.
11. Dzewaltowski, D. A.(1989).Towards a model of exercise motivation.Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology,11,251-269.
12. Eagly, A. H.,Shelly, C.(1993).The psychology of attitudes.Fort Worth, TX:Hartcourt Brace Jvanovich College Publisher.
13. Fishbein, M. A.,Ajzen, I.(1975).Belief, attitude, intention, and behavior: An introduction to theory and research.Reading, MA:Addison Wisely.
14. Havighurst, R. J.(1963).Successful aging.Processes of Aging,1,299-320.
15. Heintzman, P.,Mannell, R. C.(2003).Spiritual functions of leisure and spiritual well-being: Coping with time pressure.Leisure Science,25,207-230.
16. Henderson, H. A.,Bialeschki, M. D.,Show, S. M.,Freysinger, V. J.(1989).A leisure of one's own: a feminist perspective on women's leisure.PA:Venture Publishing.
17. Iso-Ahola, S. E.,Park, C. J.(1996).Leisure-related social support and self-determination as buffers of stress-illness relationship.Journal of Leisure Research,28,169-188.
18. Kavussanu, M.,McAuley, E.(1995).Exercise and optimism: Are highly active individuals more optimistic?.Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology,17,246-258.
19. Kim, Y. I.(2011).Effect factors on health promotion lifestyle of shift work nurses.Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing,20(3),356-364.
20. Laffrey, S. C.(2000).Physical activity among older Mexican American women.Research in Nursing & Health,23(5),383-392.
21. Lin, Y. H.,Tsai, E. M.,Chan, T. F.,Chou, F. H.,Lin, Y. L.(2009).Health promotion lifestyles and related factors in pregnant women.Chang Gung Medical Journal,32(6),650-661.
22. Mannell, R. C.,Kleiber, D. A.(1997).A social psychology of leisure.State College, PA:Venture.
23. Neulinger, J.(1981).To leisure: An introduction.Boston:Allyn & Bacon.
24. Neulinger, J.(1974).The psychology of leisure: Research approach to the study of leisure.Springfield, IL:Charles C Thomas.
25. Oresega-Smith, E. M.,Payne, L. L.,Mowen, A. J.,Ho, C. H,Godbey, G. C.(2007).The role of social support and self-efficacy in shaping the leisure time physical activity of older adults.Journal of Leisure Research,39(4),705-727.
26. Palank, C. L.(1991).Determinants of health-promotive behavior: A review of current research.Nursing Clinics of North Amweica,26(4),815-832.
27. Peker, K.,Bermek, G.(2011).Predictors of health-promoting behaviors among freshman dental students as Istanbul university.Journal of Dental Education,75(3),413-420.
28. Pender, N. J.(1987).Health Promotion in Nursing Practice.East Norwalk:Appleton & Lange.
29. Ragheb, M. G.(1980).Interrelationships among leisure participation, leisure satisfaction and leisure attitude.Journal of Leisure Research,12(2),138-149.
30. Ragheb, M. G.,Beard, J. G.(1982).Measuring leisure attitude.Journal of Leisure Research,14(2),155-167.
31. Ragheb, M. G.,McKinny, J.(1993).Campus recreation and perceived academic stress.Journal of College Student Development,34,5-10.
32. Ragheb, M. G.,Tate, R. L.(1993).A behavioral model of leisure participation based on leisure attitude, motivation and satisfaction.Leisure Studies,12,61-70.
33. Seale, M. S.,Iso-Ahola, S. E.(1988).Determinants of leisure behaviour among retired adults.Therapeutic Recreation Journal,22(2),38-46.
34. Tsai, C. Y.,Huang, C. E.,Wu, M. T.(2014).The relevant study of leisure motivation, leisure attitude and health promotion lifestyle of elderly.International journal of social, management, economics and business engineering,8(8),2374-2377.
35. Walker, S. N.,Sechrist, K. R.,Pender, N. J.(1987).The health promotion lifestyle profile: Development and psychometric.Nursing Research,36(2),76-81.
36. 吳明蒼(2008)。大學生休閒態度、休閒動機休閒滿意與休閒行為因果關係模式之研究。教育研究學報，42(2)，83-100。
37. 吳明蒼、蔡正育(2006)。大學生休閒態度模視與測量工具之建構與驗證。運動知識學報，2(2)，56-75。
38. 李碧霞(2001)。博士論文(博士論文)。臺北市，國立臺灣師範大學。
39. 汪茂鈞、李連宗(2007)。台灣區軍事院校畢業生休閒參與之休閒態度、休閒動機、休閒阻礙及休閒滿意度之相關研究。復興崗學報，90，155-172。
40. 胡藍文、何雅芳、林碧珠(2012)。臨床護理人員健康促進生活型態及其相關因素。護理暨健康照護研究，8(4)，257-268。
41. 陳勻秋(2011)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。高雄市，國立高雄大學。
42. 黃毓華、邱啟潤(1997)。高雄地區大學生健康促進生活型態之預測因子。中華雜誌，16(1)，24-36。
43. 劉俐蓉、姜逸群(2004)。台北市立國中教職員工健康行為自我效能和健康促進生活型態之相關研究。中華職業醫學雜誌，12(1)，21-32。

1. 陳南琦、張珈瑛、林美玲、李育齊(2016)。大學生休閒態度、生活壓力與身心健康之因果模式驗證。運動休閒管理學報，13(1)，25-38。
2. 程淑華,陳慧如,陳政友,朱基銘,王桂芸(2017)。台灣軍校大專生自我效能及健康控握信念與健康危害行為之關係。源遠護理，11(3)，35-46。
3. (2024)。高齡者媒體素養對健康生活型態之調查研究。新臺北護理期刊，26(1)，44-55。