優秀高中女子籃球選手生理機能與競賽運動負荷之分析

The Study of Physiological Loads of Elite High School Basketball Players during Competition

10.6127/JEPF.2007.05.10

賴國弘(Go-Hong Lai)；胡國興(Guo-Shing Ho)；吳慧君(Huey-June Wu)

籃球技術 ； 不同位置 ； 生理值 ； basketball still ； position ； physiological data ； blood lactate

運動生理暨體能學報

5輯（2006 / 12 / 07）

93 - 101

繁體中文

本研究目的在探討不同位置（後衛、前鋒及中鋒）籃球員之最大攝氧量、無氧運動能力及競賽過程中之動作型態、賽後血乳酸與血尿素氮之比較情形。以高中女子籃球代表隊共15名球員為受試對象，依位置別分為三組；檢測則分三部份進行。首先測試選手之最大攝氧量及無氧運動能力；第二是以正式比賽全場錄影方式，統計籃球競賽過程中之動作類型（站／走、前後移動、前後奔跑、全力衝刺、低速滑步、中速滑步、高速滑步、跳躍等八項）；第三是了解籃球運動員在正式比賽賽後血乳酸及血尿素氮的變化情形。所得資料以獨立樣本單因子變異數分析與事後比較法來考驗不同位置球員之差異情形。結果如下：三組球員在低強度運動型態（站／走、前後移動、低速滑步）平均值佔出賽時間的60.43%；中強度運動型態（前後奔跑、中速滑步）佔31.07%；高強度型態（全力衝刺、高速滑步、跳躍）佔9.22%。此外，在中強度的前後奔跑動作型態上，中鋒顯著高於後衛；在高強度的全力衝刺動作型態上則是後衛顯著高於中鋒；而在站／走、前後移動、低速滑步、中速滑步、高速滑步及跳躍等六項則無顯著差異。不同位置球員的血乳酸峰值均出現在賽後即刻，平均值為3.49±1.23 mmol•L^(-1)；而不同位置球員間未達顯著差異。此外，不同位置球員之最大攝氧量、無氧動力、無氧能力及動力遞減率，亦未達顯著差異。

The purpose of this study was to compare the VO2max, anaerobic power, movement type, blood lactate and BUN after competition of basketball athletes in different position (guard, forward and center). Subjects were 15 female senior high school basketball athletes. The study was divided into three parts: 1. Test of VO2max and anaerobic power by using treadmill and ergometer. 2. Caculate the time of movement types (standing/walking, jog forward/backward, run forward/backward, sprint, low shuffle, medium shuffle, high shuffle, and jumping) by filming formal competition of the subjects. 3. Analyze the change of blood lactate and BUN after a formal competition of the subjects. Data was analyzed by one-way ANOVA and Turkey post comparison. The result revealed that the percentage of low, middle and high intensity movement was 60.43%, 31.07%, and 9.22% respectively. The percentage of one of the middle-intensity movement-running forward/backward of center was significantly higher than guard. The percentage of high-intensity movement-sprinting of guard was significantly higher than center. There was no significant difference in other types of movement among these three positions. The peak of blood lactate of the subjects was appeared immediately after competition (3.49±1.23 mmol•L^(-1)). There was on different in VO2max, anaerobic power, anaerobic capacity and fatigue index among these three positions.

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