健走運動對重度智能障礙者身體適能之影響

The Effects of Walking Exercise on Physical Fitness of the Severe Intellectual Disabilities Subjects

10.6127/JEPF.2014.18.02

李忠穎(Jong-Yiing Lii)；戴堯種(Yao-Chung Tai)；葉怡成(I-Chen Yeh)

健康體適能 ； 運動介入 ； 健康照護 ； healthy fitness ； exercise intervention ； health care

運動生理暨體能學報

18輯（2014 / 06 / 01）

11 - 22

繁體中文

目的：探討規律且持續之運動介入對重度智能障礙者之身體適能影響。方法：以南台灣某教養院之重度智能障礙者為研究對象，隨機分為運動介入組（13人）及控制組（13人），運動介入組進行24週中低強度運動介入，頻率為每2週運動5次，每次運動35分鐘，控制組受試者則未進行任何形式之介入；收集受試者於運動介入前、後之身體適能等評估項目數據，並使用二因子混合設計變異數分析（two-way mixed design ANOVA）及t-test進行相關統計分析。結果：運動介入組受試者之柔軟度（左肩上旋轉動作柔軟度、右肩上旋轉動作柔軟度、右腳仰臥被動踝關節背屈角度、左腳被動膝關節伸直角度、右腳被動膝關節伸直角度、右腳髖前肌群測試角度）達顯著水準，功能性腿部力量測試達顯著水準，心肺適能（六分鐘行走運動完距離總長）於24週運動介入後皆較運動介入前顯著改善。結論：依智能障礙者之情形協助智能障礙者進行規律且持續之運動，能有效改善其體適能。

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the influence of regular and continuous exercise intervention on fitness of cases with intellectual disabilities. Methods: Subjects were residents with severe intellectual disabilities in a nursing care facility in southern Taiwan. All subjects were randomly separated into exercise and control groups with 7 males and 6 females in each group. Subjects of exercise group performed 24 weeks of low to moderate intensities exercise intervention, during which they exercised five times every two weeks, and each exercise lasted for thirty-five minutes (included warm-up, main exercise, and cool-down). Subjects of control group did not perform any kind of intervention. In order to investigate the influence of exercise training on subjects' fitness, the items for fitness evaluation before and after exercise were measured, collected, and analyzed by statistical tests such as two-way mixed design ANOVA and t-test. Results: The flexibility (left and right shoulder rotation, supine passive ankle dorsiflexion of right foot, passive knee extension of left and right foot, and hip muscle testing of right foot), leg muscle strength, and cardiorespiratory fitness (total distance of six-minute walking tests) of the exercise group were significantly improved after 24 weeks of intervention. Conclusion: The fitness of people with intellectual disabilities could effectively be improved by helping them performing regular and continuous exercise.

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