游泳運動後的脂質代謝對於心血管疾病之影響

The Effect of Lipid Metabolism after Swimming Exercise on Cardiovascular Diseases

10.6127/JEPF.2014.18.04

楊璁人(Tsung-Jen Yang)；邱志暉(Chih-Hui Chiu)；楊偉鈞(Wei-Chun Yang)

心血管疾病 ； 三酸甘油酯 ； 高密度脂蛋白膽固醇 ； 脂蛋白脂解酶 ； Cardiovascular diseases ； triglycerides ； high density lipoprotein cholesterol ； lipoprotein lipase

運動生理暨體能學報

18輯（2014 / 06 / 01）

33 - 40

繁體中文

問題背景：人體心臟本身及營養心臟血管（即冠狀動脈）與發生在腦血管方面的病變稱之為心血管疾病（cardiovascular disease, CVD），而三酸甘油酯（triglyceride, TG）及低密度脂蛋白膽固醇（low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, LDL-C）的上升、高密度脂蛋白膽固醇（high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, HDL-C）濃度的下降都是引發CVD的危險因子。目的：本文歸納相關文獻研究結果，探討游泳運動後的脂質代謝對於心血管疾病之影響。結果：顯示游泳運動是一促進健康與預防疾病的有氧運動項目，游泳運動後心血管系統產生了適應能力，對於心臟輸血的能力有顯著增加，且提升了頸動脈順應性，降低動脈血壓。然而，另有研究顯示體溫的作用、血管緊縮素以及交感神經等因素，將會導致游泳運動後調控血壓的能力下降。另一方面，游泳運動後的能量消耗改變了體內荷爾蒙代謝，且游泳運動後提升了HDL-C的含量，清除組織中過多未脂化的膽固醇以及供應極低密度脂蛋白（very low-density lipoprotein, VLDL）的代謝。且長時間運動後促進了肌肉中脂蛋白脂解酶（lipoprotein lipase, LPL）活性的提升，也因此增加了血脂肪進入肌肉使用率，降低罹患CVD的風險。

Background: Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) include human heart, coronary artery, and cerebrovascular pathological abnormality. The elevated plasma triglycerides (TG) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), decreased high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) may contribute to the risk of CVD. Purpose: This study summarized the results of references and investigated the effect of lipid metabolism after swimming exercise on cardiovascular diseases. Results: Swimming is one of the aerobic exercises which may improve cardiovascular function including increases in carotid artery compliance and decreases in arterial blood pressure. However, some studies showed that factors included the body temperature, angiotensin, and the sympathetic nervous system might cause the incompetence of blood pressure modulation after swimming exercise. Nevertheless, swimming increases energy expenditure, and alters hormones regulation. Studies also showed swimming training might increase HDL concentration, accelerate the non-esterified cholesterol clearance rate, and very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) metabolism. Prolonged exercise has been known to increase lipoprotein lipase (LPL) activity, and to increase blood lipid uptake by the exercised muscle, consequently to decrease the risk of CVD.

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