Analysis on Vegan and Vegetarian Diet's Potential Risks to Health

全素飲食與素食者飲食對健康風險之分析

10.6169/NCYUJPEHR.202012_19(2).05

林琳(Lin Lin)；羅法聖(Fa-Sain Lo)；阿米雅．包米克(Amiya Bhaumik)；迪維亞．米東．查克拉瓦蒂(Divya Midhun Chakkaravarthy)

vegan ； vegetarian ； nutrition deficiency ； omnivore ； healthy diet ； 全素飲食 ； 蛋奶素 ； 營養不足 ； 雜食性飲食 ； 健康飲食

嘉大體育健康休閒期刊

19卷2期（2020 / 12 / 31）

59 - 70

英文

Vegan and vegetarian populations have grown over the decades. There are more people choosing to be vegan or vegetarian for various reasons and the majority of them believe eating vegan or vegetarian can lead them to a healthier life. However, there are some facts about the type of foods which the vegan and vegetarian populations consume that are unknown to the general population. This paper presents a list of essential nutrition for human health that are different in plant-based sources and animal-based sources. The first fact is that there are particular types of necessary nutrients for human health only exist in animal-based food sources that a vegan or a vegetarian cannot eat but an omnivore can. The next fact is for the same type of nutrients, their quality of bio-availabilities may be different between the plant-based food sources or animal-based food sources. Finally, due to the world-wide issue of soil degradation caused by industrialization and improper farming practices, the plant-based foods grown on unhealthy soils are less nutritious than before. These less nutritious fruits and vegetables are the primary food intake for vegetarian and vegan populations. While the majority of population consider that vegan or vegetarian diets have many health benefits; this paper compared the differences between the quantities and qualities of nutrition from the food sources to share a different perspective of the vegan and vegetarian diets on health regardless of the merits of such diets are strong.

全素者與蛋奶素者之數量在過去數十年間大量增長。越來越多人因為各種不同原因選擇成為全素飲食或著蛋奶素飲食。大部份的人相信全素或著蛋奶素飲食可以幫助他們得到更健康的生活。但是這些全素者與蛋奶素者並不知道某些關於他們選擇之飲食的事實。本篇文章提出人體所需之必要營養素，其植物性來源與動物性來源之不同；第一件一般大眾忽略之事實為有些對人體健康必要之營養素只存在於動物來源之飲食中，這些為全素者與蛋奶素者不能吃的食材。另外一個事實則是在同樣的營養素當中，這些營養素之品質與生物利用性會因營養素的來源是透過植物類食材或動物類食材而產生差異。最後，有一項是全球性的問題，因為工業化與不適當的耕作造成的土壤貧瘠化。這些透過不健康的土壤所種出來的蔬菜與水果所含的營養與過去相比更少了。這些營養成分的低的蔬菜與水果卻是全素者與蛋奶素者的主要飲食來源。在多數人認為全素或蛋奶素飲食對健康有許多益處的當下，儘管吃素的好處似乎很多，本文採用食材中養份含量與品質差異之比較，提出一個不同的全素或蛋奶素飲食對健康影響的觀點。

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