閉鎖式運動訓練對高齡者工作記憶之影響

Effects of Closed-skill training on Working Memory in the Elderly

10.6169/NCYUJPEHR.202012_19(2).06

黃星翰(Hsin-Han Huang)；丁文琴(Wen-Chin Ting)

運動型態 ； 高齡化 ； 認知功能 ； 短期記憶 ； Exercise type ； aging ； cognitive function ； short-term memory

嘉大體育健康休閒期刊

19卷2期（2020 / 12 / 31）

71 - 80

繁體中文

先前多數研究已證實運動訓練對大腦與認知功能有正向的效益，但大多數文獻聚焦從生理屬性的角度探討有氧與無氧的運動介入之其中關聯。本文從可預測的運動環境（performance environment）屬性針對閉鎖式運動（closed-skill exercise）訓練介入對高齡者的工作記憶等面向之影響，進行回顧與論述。綜合與統整相關文獻研究資料，顯示過去研究指出閉鎖式運動訓練對工作記憶、神經電生理，以及大腦功能有其正向之影響，但因特定的運動型態之不同而產生選擇性的效益。該結果意謂著不同的運動類型不僅可能在不同效益面向上扮演著不同調節之角色，且造成大腦結構活化之區域亦有所差異。期許以此回顧研究釐清閉鎖式運動類型對高齡者的工作記憶之關聯性，並進一步提供後續實證性研究之建議。

Most previous studies have confirmed that exercise training has a positive effect on brain and cognitive function, but most of the literature focuses on the relationship between aerobic and anaerobic exercise intervention from the perspective of physiological attributes. This article reviews and discusses the impact of closed-skill exercise training intervention on the working memory and other aspects of elderly people from the predictable performance environment attributes. The comprehensive and integrated literature research data shows that past studies have pointed out that closed-skill training has a positive effect on working memory, neurophysiology, and brain function, but it produces selective benefits due to specific exercise patterns . This result means that different exercise types may not only play different regulatory roles in different benefit aspects, but also cause differences in the regions that cause the activation of brain structures. It is hoped that this review will clarify the relevance of the closed-skill exercise type to the working memory of the elderly, and further provide suggestions for follow-up empirical research.

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