教練選手關係的新觀點－同盟關係

A New Perspective of Coach-Athlete Relationship-Working Alliance

10.6169/NCYUJPEHR.202106_20(1).06

吳浚弘(Jun-Hung Wu)；許雅雯(Ya-wen Hsu)

3+1Cs ； 目標一致性 ； 任務分配 ； 連結發展 ； 3+1Cs ； agreement on goals ； assignment of tasks ； the development of bond

嘉大體育健康休閒期刊

20卷1期（2021 / 06 / 30）

61 - 71

繁體中文

在運動與體育領域中，教練與選手扮演了最主要的角色，過去國內探討教練與選手關係，多以教練－選手關係問卷測量選手，親密性、承諾感、互補性，然而在這些研究中選手似乎是比較屬於被動的角色。本文旨在從教練選手同盟關係（working alliance）的觀點探討教練選手同盟關係與教練選手關係之間的差異性與相關文獻內容，利用文獻回顧的方式進行統整與探討，包含介紹過去較常使用的教練選手關係模式、同盟關係的理論基礎與輔導諮商領域的實證研究，以及目前在體育運動領域的初步應用。回顧結果發現：（一）教練選手同盟關係的研究目前仍是少數，未來需要更多研究探討教練選手同盟關係，包含測量工具的發展、會影響同盟關係的前置變項和結果反應等等。（二）未來研究仍可進一步探討教練選手同盟關係與教練選手關係3+1Cs之相同、相異比較等等。本文期望能提供後續研究者對於此概念更多參考訊息。

Coaches and athletes play very important roles in the sports domain. In the past, the relationship between coach and athlete in Taiwan mostly was measured by the Coach- Athlete Relationship Questionnaire (CART-Q) through the constructs of closeness, commitment, complementarity, and co-orientation. However, athletes seem to be relatively passive in the relationship. This article took a new perspective of coach-athlete relationship- Working Alliance. Literature on related issues were reviewed and integrated, including dominated research approach and findings in the past, theoretical basis of working alliance and the empirical research in the consultation fields, as well as the preliminary applications of working alliance in the sports fields. Based on the literature, we found that: (1) Working alliance was rarely used as a framework exploring the coach-athlete relationship. Research would be needed in the future, including the development of measurements, and research focusing on the antecedents and consequences of coach-athlete working alliance. (2) Future research exploring the similarities and the differences between the coach-athlete working alliance and the 3+1Cs is suggested. We hope this review could make contributions on the application of working alliance in the sports fields and provide useful information for researchers.

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