馬術治療對智能障礙兒童平衡能力之成效

Effectiveness of Hippotherapy on Balance in Children with Intellectual Disabilities

10.6169/NCYUJPEHR.202112_20(2).05

張茹茵(Ju Ying Chang)

動物輔助治療 ； 身心障礙兒童 ； 動靜態平衡 ； animal-assisted therapy ； hippotherapy ； children with disabilities ； static and dynamic balance

嘉大體育健康休閒期刊

20卷2期（2021 / 12 / 31）

58 - 73

繁體中文

智能障礙兒童姿勢控制與平衡能力常與一般發展兒童有所落差。馬術治療運用馬行走時可產生之具節律性的多元感覺輸入及動態訓練環境。本研究旨在探討馬術治療對智能障礙兒童平衡表現之成效，採單一受試實驗研究之ABAB撤回設計，研究對象為一位集中式特教班中度智能障礙兒童。自變項為治療取向設計、為期十二週、每週一次、每次三十分鐘的馬術治療介入；依變項包含單腳站立的靜態平衡及五公尺直線行走的動態平衡表現；控制變項含馬術治療團隊與場地、評量場地及時間。研究資料採目視分析各階段變化情形，結果顯示智能障礙兒童單腳站立維持時間有提升趨勢，直線行走越線百分比也有下降情形，此結果說明馬術治療介入能促進智能障礙兒童在靜態與動態平衡表現。本研究建議馬術治療可運用作為提升智能障礙兒童平衡表現之可行作法，並綜合結論提出馬術治療在未來研究上之相關建議。

Children with intellectual disabilities appears to reveal decreased functional balance. It is speculated that hippotherapy provides multi-sensory input that can improve postural stability and the rhythmic movement of a horse may be an effective strategy for improving balance. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of hippotherapy for static and dynamic balance in children with intellectual disabilities. A reversal ABAB single-subject experimental design was used, and a child with intellectual disability in self-contained special class was enrolled in this study. The independent variable was hippotherapy program, which comprised twelve weekly hippotherapy sessions of 30 minutes each. The dependent variables include performance of static balance and dynamic balance, which were assessed by single leg stance and 5-meter walk test, respectively. The hippotherapy team and venue were kept the same throughout the experiment. The intervention effects of hippotherapy were evaluated through visual analysis. The results revealed improvement both in static balance and dynamic balance. The duration of single leg stance increased, and the over line errors decreased while walking a 5-meter path after hippotherapy program. It was concluded that the use of hippotherapy could induce functional adaptations that resulted both in better static and dynamic balance of children with intellectual disabilities. This study corroborates that hippotherapy as a possible intervention for improving balance in children with intellectual disabilities. Clinical implications and the recommendations for further research were also proposed.

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