韓國國防武力與東北亞安全

Korea Defense Force & Northeast Asia Security

10.29800/TLSQ.201012.0006

吳東林(Tony Wu)

全球的韓國 ； 硬實力 ； 巧實力 ； 國防改革 ； Global Korea ； hard power ； smart power ； National Defense Reform

台灣國際研究季刊

6卷4期（2010 / 12 / 01）

111 - 137

繁體中文

1945年，第二次世界大戰結束後，朝鮮半島被美國和蘇聯勢力所控制，且於1948年依北緯38°線將朝鮮半島分裂爲大韓民國與朝鮮民主人民共和國。韓國唯一的陸地邊境國爲北韓，也是韓國軍事威脅的主要來源。韓國面對全球與東北亞安全環境嚴峻的挑戰，特別在其《全球的韓國－大韓民國國家安全戰略》中指出：韓國的生存和未來發展取決於韓國與國際社群的互動，而且韓國是「全球的韓國」，韓國不僅積極與世界各國合作，更基於世界社群的共同利益提供一己之力解決問題。此外，韓國的《2008國防白皮書》也宣示：韓國的國防政策主在建立全方位的軍事戰備和國防能力。同時，韓國國防武力爲了實現國家安全與國防目標，也以建立一支「菁英與現代化的軍隊」作爲建軍備戰的發展藍圖。

Korean Peninsula lay under the spheres of influence of the United States (US) and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) since the end of World War Ⅱ in 1945. Meanwhile, this Peninsula was divided into the Republic of Korea (ROK) and the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK) along 38 degrees of north latitude. The only bordering country of ROK is DPRK, which is also the main military threat to it. ”The survival and future development of ROK depend on the interaction between this country and the international community. ROK is Global Korea, it not only actively cooperate with other counties, but also seek to provide its efforts to solve problems based on the common interests of the global community,” indicated by its Global Korea: The National Security Strategy of the Republic of Korea. This stance points out the severe challenge that ROK is facing under the circumstance of global and the Northeast Asian Security environment. Besides, the Defense White Paper 2008 also announced that its defense policy would primarily focus on building an all-directional military readiness and defense capabilities. Meanwhile, in order to achieve its national security and defense goals, ROK will build up its ”Elite and Advanced Military” that would serve as the blueprint of military preparation.

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1. 李明峻(2013)。韓國的中國政策。臺灣國際研究季刊，9(4)，63-85。