中立國的概念、理論、以及實務

The Concepts, Theories, and Practices of Neutral States

施正鋒(Cheng-Feng Shih)

中立 ； 中立國 ； 台灣 ； 外交戰略 ； neutrality ； neutral state ； Taiwan ； grand strategy

台灣國際研究季刊

11卷3期（2015 / 09 / 01）

1 - 22

繁體中文

台灣人一向有和平中立的願景，尤其是嚮往中立的瑞士，然而，這些多半都止於浪漫的遐思，並未看到有政治人物有系統地進行倡議、也沒有出現比較通盤的學術性探究、或是實務性評估，特別是中立政策的可欲性、以及可行性。在這裡，我們先將探討中立的內涵、為什麼要採取中立、以及如何著手中立等基本課題。最後，我們將以思考中立作為台灣外交戰略選項總結。

Neutrality for peace modeled on Switzerland has long been a vision for the Taiwanese. Nevertheless, it has remained a romantic reverie in short of serious political appeal, and not to mention comprehensive studies or practical appraisals of its desirability and feasibility. In this article, we will first examine the concept of neutrality, look into the rationality for pursuing neutrality, and scrutinize approaches for its application. Finally, we will conclude with a reflection of neutrality as a grand strategy option for Taiwan.

1. Agius, Christine,Devine, Karen(2011).'Neutrality: A Really Dead Concept?' A Reprise.Cooperation and Conflict,46(3),265-84.
2. Andrén, Nils(1991).On the Meaning and Uses of Neutrality.Cooperation and Conflict,26(2),67-83.
3. Beyer, Jessica,Hofmann, Stephanie C.(2011).Varieties of Neutrality: Norm Revision and Decline.Cooperation and Conflict,46(3),285-311.
4. Bowman, Albert Hall(1974).The Struggle for Neutrality: Franco-American Diplomacy during the Federalist Era.Knoxville:University of Tennessee Press.
5. Gilley, Bruce(2010).Not So Dire Straits: How the Finlandization of Taiwan Benefits U.S. Security.Foreign Affairs,January/February,44-60.
6. Glaser, Charles(2011).Will China's Rise Lead to War? Why Realism Does Not Mean Pessimism.Foreign Affairs,March/April,80-91.
7. Guttmann, Allen(ed.)(1963).American Neutrality and the Spanish Civil War.Boston:D. C. Heath & Co..
8. Hakovirta, Harto(1983).The Soviet Union and the Varieties of Neutrality in Western Europe.World Politics,35(4),563-85.
9. Havel, Brian F.(2000).An International Law Institution in Crisis: Rethinking Permanent Neutrality.Ohio State Law Journal,51,167-266.
10. Jesse, Neal G.(2006).Choosing to Go It Alone: Irish Neutrality in Theoretical and Comparative Perspective.International Political Science Review,27(1),7-28.
11. Keating, Patrick(1984).A Singular Stance: Irish Neutrality in the 1980s.Dublin:Institute of Public Administration.
12. Kruzel, Joseph(ed.),Haltzel, Michael H.(ed.)(1989).Between the Blocs: Problems and Prospects for Europe's Neutral and Nonaligned States.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press.
13. Neuhold, Hanspeter(ed.)(1992).The European Neutrals in the 1990s: New Challenges and Opportunities.Boulder, Colo.:Westview Press.
14. Packard, Jerrold M.(1992).Neither Friend Nor Foe: The European Neutrals in World War II.New York:Charles Scribner's Sons.
15. Petrie, John N.(1995).American Neutrality in the 20th Century: The Impossible Dream.Washington, D.C.:National Defense University.
16. Reginbogin, Herbert R.(2009).Faces of Neutrality: A Comparative Analysis of the Neutrality of Switzerland and Other Neutral Nations during WWII.Berlin:LIT Verlag.
17. Scheck, Colin(2012).The Decline of European Neutrality: A Neoliberal Perspective.Alpha Pi Sigma Undergraduate Journal of Politics,13,107-28.
18. Subedi, Surya(1993).Neutrality in a Changing World: European Neutral States and the European Community.International and Comparative Law Quarterly,42(2),238-58.
19. Vigor, P. H.(1975).The Soviet View of War, Peace and Neutrality.London:Routledge & Kegan Paul.
20. Zecha, Wolfgang(2011).Neutrality and International Solidarity: A Comparison of the Policy of Certain Neutral European Countries with Respect to the UN.AARMS: Academic and Applied Research in Military Science,10(2),305-26.
21. 施正鋒(2011)。台灣涉外關係。台北:翰蘆出版社。
22. 張俊宏(2011)。和平─中立的台灣。台北:台灣書房。
23. 陳秀麗(2014)。永久和平中立─台灣走向東方瑞士之路。台北:望春風文化事業。

1. 蔡育岱(2017)。當代國際法如何保護小國─聯合國與小國的關係。臺灣國際研究季刊，13(3)，1-19。
2. 鄧育承(2023)。艾森豪政府對施亞努「中立主義」政策之認知與對策。臺灣國際研究季刊，19(3)，177-196。
3. (2024)。為什麼不中立了？從關鍵時刻、地緣政治與決策模式分析瑞典與芬蘭中立政策調整。問題與研究，63(1)，55-101。