論瑞典自行選擇中立戰略之作為

The Strategy of a Neutral Power as Swedish Foreign Policy

郭秋慶(Chiu-Ching Kuo)

中立國 ； 瑞典中立 ； 武裝中立 ； 軍事不結盟 ； neutral state ； Sweden neutrality ； armed neutrality

台灣國際研究季刊

11卷3期（2015 / 09 / 01）

47 - 62

繁體中文

如同吾人所知，瑞典自從19世紀以來沒有介入任何的軍事衝突，瑞典的中立地位並沒有載入憲法，更沒有被任何的國家和國際組織所承認。本研究檢視瑞典外交上的中立戰略選擇。自從維也納會議（1814年）以來，瑞典決定放棄它的軍事攻擊本質，開始採取中立的外交戰略，甚至在兩次大戰的威脅下，瑞典仍繼續奉守它的中立戰略。戰後瑞典採取「和平時期軍事不結盟，以利戰爭爆發維持中立」，以及防衛上採行領土與主權自我武裝的防禦政策，因此瑞典建立和維持充足的軍事能力，它的軍方和政府同時参與國際維和行動。

As most people know, Sweden has not been involved in any military conflict itself since the nineteenth century. The neutral status of Sweden is not mentioned in the Swedish Constitution and not officially recognized by any state or international organization. This article examines Sweden's foreign policy of neutrality. Since the Congress of Vienna (1814) Sweden decided to give up on its aggressive nature and start to take a neutral foreign policy. Even under the threat of two world wars, Sweden continued the foreign policy of neutrality. After the end of the war, Sweden takes the formula ＂non-alignment in peacetime, neutrality in wartime＂, and its defense policy rested on the doctrine of self-defense of its territory and sovereignty. Therefore, Sweden creates and maintains strong defense capabilities. Meanwhile, Sweden's military and government have been involved in major peacekeeping actions and other military support functions around the world.

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