澳洲聯邦憲法原住民身份的本土化

Indigenizing National Identity: Toward the Recognition of Aborigines in Australian Constitution

許建榮(Chien-Jung Hsu)

澳洲原住民 ； 澳洲聯邦憲法 ； 公投 ； 原住民身份 ； 修憲 ； Australian Aborigines ； Australian Constitution ； referendum ； Aboriginal identification

台灣國際研究季刊

15卷3期（2019 / 09 / 01）

101 - 117

繁體中文

澳洲雖然是個多元文化的民主國家，但是澳洲原住民屬於弱勢族群的地位是長期存在的狀況，澳洲聯邦自20世紀以來陸續推出恢復原住民權利的法案，但是澳洲聯邦憲法卻存在著歧視原住民的狀況。澳洲聯邦憲法在1990年通過之際就將原住民排除在憲法之外；即便在1967年憲法修正案公投過關，修正憲法第51條並廢除第127條，但原住民身份一直無法入憲取得憲法的承認。2007年開始，保守的聯盟黨與工黨皆同意舉辦原住民身份入憲公投，民調也顯示多數澳洲人同意原住民身份入憲議題，但舉行公投與否，依然是個未知數。

Despite being a multicultural democracy, Aborigines in Australia have been underprivileged for a long time. Starting in 20th century, the Commonwealth of Australia has introduced a string of legislations to recognize the rights of Aborigines, but the Commonwealth Constitution still discriminates against Aborigines. The Constitution, which came into effect in 1990, excluded Aborigines. Even though the 1967 referendum received overwhelmingly votes, thereby indicating Australians' support to amend article 51 and repeal article 127, the Constitution still does not recognize Aborigines. Starting in 2007, Liberal-National Coalition and Labor Party have proposed to hold a referendum to include the Aboriginal people into the Constitution, and the polls showed that the majority of Australians supported such a change, but it remains uncertain whether the referendum will take place.

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