寮國的外交關係──行走在巨人之間

Foreign Relations of Laos: Walking among the Giants

范盛保(Lloyd Sheng-Pao Fan)

國家行為理論 ； 現實主義 ； 個人層次分析 ； 建構主義 ； state behavior theory ； realism ； individual level analysis ； constructivism

台灣國際研究季刊

20卷2期（2024 / 06 / 01）

101 - 118

繁體中文;英文

寮國是一個內陸國家，有時也被稱為與陸地相連的國家。就空間而言，內陸國必須依靠鄰國進出海洋以及過境貿易。這種依賴使寮國處於比較脆弱的位置，它必須經常性屈服於鄰國的壓力，隨時調整其外交政策。自越南和泰國於18世紀起在寮國相互對抗開始，寮國與此二國家的關係就一直相互牽連，越南和泰國都認為它們的國防和安全與寮國有密切關係。另依據寮國1989年到2015年的投資顯示，對寮國最大的三個外國投資者依序是中國、泰國以及越南。本論文分析寮國如何在三個巨人之間，亦即泰國、越南以及中國，執行其外交政策議題。作者除論述寮國在此三位巨人之間調整其外交政策優先序外，並嘗試以國際關係理論為寮國外交政策略作註解。

Since Vietnam and Thailand began to confront each other in Laos in the 18th century, Laos' relations with these two countries have always been intertwined. Vietnam and Thailand both believe that their national defense and security are closely related to Laos. In addition, according to investment in Laos from 1989 to 2015, the three largest foreign investors in Laos are China, Thailand and Vietnam. This article analyzes how Laos implements its foreign policy issues among the three giants: Thailand, Vietnam and China. In addition to discussing Laos' adjustment of its foreign policy priorities among these three giants, the author also attempts to explain Laos‟ foreign policy in accordance with international relations theory. Laos is a landlocked country, sometimes called a country connected to land. In terms of space, landlocked countries must rely on their neighbors for access to and from the ocean and for transit trade. This dependence puts Laos in a relatively fragile position. It must often succumb to pressure from neighboring countries and adjust its foreign policy at any time.