题名

Liberalising Australian Services: Unilateralism Needed Over Preferentialism

并列篇名

澳洲服務業自由化：單邊主義必須取代優惠主義

DOI

10.30392/TJWTOS.201212_(22).0002

作者

伯斯沃司(Malcolm Bosworth)；崔文瑞(Ray Trewin)

关键词

澳洲 ； 服務業自由化 ； 優惠貿易協定 ； 單邊主義 ； Australia ； services trade liberalization ； Preferential Trade Agreements ； unilateralism

期刊名称

Taiwanese Journal of WTO Studies

卷期/出版年月

22期（2012 / 12 / 01）

页次

39 - 74

内容语文

英文
中文摘要

要改善澳洲經濟效率與表現就必須強化服務業的生產力。而服務業貿易自由化則是此項要務的關鍵。因此，值得吾人評估澳洲所推動的與亞洲伙伴洽簽含括服務業在內的優惠貿易協定（Preferential Trade Agreements, 簡稱PTAs）是否有助於澳洲的自由化。這些問題在2010年政府委辦的雙邊與區域貿易協定的獨立政策研究上由澳洲生產力委員會（Australian Productivity Commission）提出討論。這項具指標性的研究提供給各界有對澳洲PTA經驗反應的機會。吉拉德（Gillard）政府因而在2011年4月發表貿易政策聲明，這意味著政府將重振貿易政策，回歸到1980年代與1990年代經改時期的單邊經濟政策以有助扭轉過去超過十年的澳洲生產力持續下滑的問題。本文主旨即在就此問題深入剖析，第二節將檢視服務業貿易自由化的經濟學，包括何以單邊主義（unilateralism）最重要；第三節剖析澳洲PTAs及其在澳洲貿易政策中所扮演的日益重要的角色；第四節討論經由PTAs來進行服務業貿易自由化，含括其固有的局限性；第五節探討澳洲將PTAs應用於服務業所獲的經驗；第六節強調透明度（transparency）與單邊主義的結合必須在推動有意義的與永續性的（sustainable）與貿易相關改革中扮演關鍵角色，尤其是服務業，其障礙往往隱藏邊界之後；第七節將審視澳洲貿易政策的最近發展以及這些發展對PTAs 的服務業協定暨自由化所可能帶來的影響；最後則是結語。
主题分类 社會科學 > 經濟學
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