题名

艾伯特政府的氣候政策：行動不夠直接的能源超強

并列篇名

Climate policy under Tony Abbott: less direct action by the energy superpower

DOI

10.30392/TJWTOS.201512_(27).0001

作者

羅斯旺(Stuart Rosewarne)

关键词

氣候變遷 ； 艾伯特 ； 碳稅 ； 京都議定書 ； 直接行動計畫

期刊名称

Taiwanese Journal of WTO Studies

卷期/出版年月

27期（2015 / 12 / 01）

页次

1 - 54

内容语文

繁體中文
中文摘要

艾伯特（Tony Abbott）所領導的自由國家黨聯盟（theLiberal-National Party Coalition）在2013年擊敗工黨，成為執政黨。其選舉政策明白宣示將廢除工黨所制訂的碳稅（carbon tax）政策，以維持國家競爭力，並同時提出直接行動計畫（ Direct Action Plan ），以達到京都議定書（Kyoto Protocol）的減排目標。艾伯特在執政後兌現選舉承諾，成為第一個廢除碳稅的國家，取而代之的則是減排基金（Emissions Reduction Fund），以鼓勵企業投資減排技術取代責罰。本文從三方面探討艾伯特政府的氣候變遷政策：一、直接行動計畫的理論基礎；二、執政聯盟推動政治議程所面臨的困難；以及三、能否藉由對於修改法案的支持，成功達成直接行動計畫所闡述的目標。
主题分类 社會科學 > 經濟學
参考文献
  1. ABC News (2014) 'G20 priorities are jobs growth, tackling climate change and tax evasion: Brisbane communique' 17 November. Accessed at http://www.abc.net.au/news/2014-11-16/jobsclimate-change-focus-of-brisbane-g20-communique/5895210
  2. Shanahan, Dennis (2014) 'Australia to contribute $200m to green climate fund' The Australian 10 December, at http://www.theaustralian.com.au/nationalaffairs/climate/australia-to-contribute-200m-togreen-climate-fund/story-e6frg6xf-1227150858029
  3. Bourke, Latika (2014) 'Emissions trading scheme 'never coming back in any form' under Coalition, says Minister' The Sydney Morning Herald 30 October. Accessed at http://www.smh.com.au/federalpolitics/political-news/emissions-trading-scheme-never-coming-back-in-any-form-under-coalitionsays-greg-hunt-20141029-11dzhh.html
  4. Arup, Tom, and Lisa Cox (2015a) 'Farmers to dominate carbon sales' The Age 14 April, 8
  5. Reputex (2015) 'Market Update: Gaming the ERF? The Role of "Bid-shading", 5 March. Accessed at: http://www.reputex.com/publications/marketupdate/market-update-gaming-the-erf-the-impactof-bid-shading-on-erf-returns/.
  6. Clean Energy Finance Corporation (n.d.) 'What We Do'. Accessed at http://www.cleanenergyfinancecorp.com.au/whatwe-do.aspx
  7. Heath, Joanna (2015) 'Backdown on RET position' The Australian Financial Review 27 February, p.5
  8. Department of the Environment, Australia (2015b) Draft National Greenhouse and Energy Reporting (Safeguard Mechanism) Rule 2015, September. Canberra.
  9. Clean Energy Council (2014) Lost Opportunity and Big Costs: The Impact of an Unresolved RET Review November.
  10. Clayton Utz (2014) 'The New Carbon Farming Initiative and Emissions Reduction Fund: What You Need to Know'. Accessed at www.cllaytonutz.com.
  11. Hartcher, Peter (2014) 'Abbott sniffs the wind on climate change', The Sydney Morning Herald 13 December. Accessed at http://www.smh.com.au/comment/abbott-sniffs-the-wind-on-climate-change-20141212-12660c.html
  12. Perry, Neil (2013) "Direct action": The coalition's voluntary approach to environmental policy – part 1 The Conversation 27 February. Accessed at: http://theconversation.com/direct-action-the-coalitions-voluntary-approach-to-environmentalpolicy-part-1-12514
  13. Lloyd, Graham (2015a) 'Brown coal generators put heat on renewables' The Australian 6 May, 2.
  14. The Australian (2014) 'Senators reject bill to scrap Climate Change Authority' 3 March
  15. Rintoul, Stuart (2009) 'Town of Beaufort changed Tony Abbott's view on climate change' The Australian 12 December. Accessed at http://www.theaustralian.com.au/archive/politics/the-town-that-turned-up-the-temperature/storye6frgczf-1225809567009
  16. Ker, Peter (2015) 'Aluminium giant says carbon tax repeal put up energy bill' The Sydney Morning Herald Business Day 27 February, p.23.
  17. Arup,Tom, and Lisa Cox (2015b) '$660m spend in first clmate change auctions' The Canberra Times 24 April, 1.
  18. Australia, (2014) Carbon Farming Initiative Amendment Bill 2014: Schedule of the amendments made by the Senate, Canberra: The Senate
  19. Perry, Neil (2013) "Direct action": The coalition's voluntary approach to environmental policy – part 2, 10 May. Accessed at: “Direct action”: The coalition's voluntary approach to environmental policy – part 2.
  20. Maher, Sid (2015b) 'Hunt raises the bar on carbon' The Australian 24 April, 4.
  21. Abbott, Tony (2013a) to Ian Watt, Secretary, Department of Prime Minister and Cabinet, 5 August..
  22. Vorrath, Sophie and Giles Parkinson (2014) 'BHP wants carbon price and more, Dunlop says still not good enough' Renew Economy, 24 October. Accessed at http://reneweconomy.com.au/2014/coal-manturned-climate-activist-ian-dunlop-second-tilt-bhpboard-92158
  23. Winestock, Geoff (2015) 'Climate trucker leads the way' The Australian Financial Review 2 May, 20.
  24. Reputex (2014b) 'Market Update: The ERF in Focus: "Who Dares, Wins" in 2015' 11 November. Accessed at: http://www.reputex.com/publications/market-update/market-update-the-erf-in-focus-who-dareswins-in-fy15/.
  25. Arup, Tom (2013) 'Abbott shuts down Climate Commission' The Sun-Herald 22 September, 30
  26. Allens (2014) Focus: Emissions reduction fund white paper released' 28 April. Accessed at http://www.allens.com.au/pubs/cc/focc28apr14.htm
  27. Milman, Oliver (2015) 'Greg Hunt calls Australia's Direct Action auction a success, despite criticism' The Guardian 23 April. Accessed at http://www.theguardian.com/environment/2015/apr/23/greg-hunt-calls-australias-direct-action-auctiona-success-despite-criticism
  28. Abbott, Tony (2013b). 'Coalition Leader's Letter to CEFC' 5 August..
  29. Balogh, Stefanie, and Michael McKenna (2015) 'Economy 'threatened by lawfare'' The Australian 17 August, 1.
  30. Gartrell. Adam (2015) 'Tony Abbott has escalated his war on wind power' The Sun-Herald 19 July, p.34
  31. Hyland, Anne (2014) 'General Electric boss calls for more certainty over renewable energy target' The Sydney Morning Herald Business Day 23 October, 4.
  32. Taylor, Lenore (2015) 'Biggest polluters able to increase emissions under Direct Action – study' The Guardian 3 August. Accessed at http://www.theguardian.com/environment/2015/aug/03/biggest-polluters-able-to-increase-emissions-under-direct-action-study
  33. Department of the Environment, Australia (2015a) Emissions Reduction Fund: Safeguard Mechanism Consultation Paper, March. Canberra.
  34. Hannam, Peter, an Lisa Cox (2015) 'Power sector to get special treatment under Direct Action' The Sydney Morning Herald 27 March. Accessed at http://www.smh.com.au/federal-politics/politicalnews/power-sector-to-get-special-treatment-under-direct-action-20150326-1m8n4h.html
  35. Taylor, Lenore (2014) 'Abbott government accused of trying to set up climate change talks for failure' 8 December. Accessed at http://www.theguardian.com/environment/2014/dec/08/abbott-government-accused-of-trying-to-set-upclimate-change-talks-for-failure
  36. Ludlow, Mark (2015b) 'Carbon fund will not get more money, says Hunt' The Australian Financial Review 11 May, 6
  37. Greg Hunt to Bernie Fraser, Chair CCA 15 December 2014..
  38. Hasham, Nicole (2015) 'Renewable energy: Senate inquiry push to slash wind farm subsidies will 'destroy sector' The Sydney Morning Herald 31 July
  39. Taylor, Lenore (2015) 'Direct Action will force heavy polluters to cut back after 2020, Greg Hunt says' The Guardian 1 May. Accessed at: http://www.theguardian.com/environment/2015/may/01/direct-action-will-force-heavy-polluters-to-cutback-after-2020-greg-hunt-says
  40. Maher, Sid (2015a) 'Firms to be pinged for exceeding carbon cap' The Australian 27 March, 6.
  41. Ludlow, Mark (2015a) 'Coalition pays $14 a tonne to reduce emissions' The Australian Financial Review 24 April, 7.
  42. Lloyd, Graham (2015b) 'Restricting groups' environmental legal avenues has far-reaching implications' The Australian 22 August, 18.
  43. Sally Rawsthorne (2013) 'Gagged': environment defenders slam funding loss' The New Daily 18 December. Accessed at http://thenewdaily.com.au/news/2013/12/18/gagged-environment-defenders-slam-funding-loss/.
  44. Bennett, James (2015) 'Windfarm watchdog proposed to crossbench senators by Environment Minister Hunt' ABC News 19 June. Accessed at http://www.abc.net.au/news/2015-06-18/wind-farm-watchdog-proposed-by-government/6556692
  45. Costello, Peter (2006) 'Address to the Energy Supply Association of Australia Dinner', Parliament House, Canberra, 10 October. Accessed at http://ministers.treasury.gov.au/DisplayDocs.aspx?doc=speeches/2006/021.htm&pageID=005&min=phc&Year=2006&DocType=1
  46. Milne, Christine (2014) 'Abbott's attempt to buy relevance at climate change talks in Lima' ABC Environment 11 December. Accessed at http://www.abc.net.au/environment/articles/2014/12/11/4146692.htm
  47. Reputex (2014a) 'Analyst Update: Direct Action Legislation New Amendments', 30 October. Accessed at: http://www.reputex.com/publications/latestresearch/insights-articles/analyst-update-directaction-legislation-new-amendments/.
  48. Hewett, Jennifer (2015) 'Hot air can be even more expensive than renewable energy' The Australian Financial Review 16 March, 2.
  49. Climate Change Authority(2015).Target and Progress Review: Final Report.Canberra:
  50. Cormann, Matthias(2014).Smaller Government -Towards a Sustainable Future.Canberra:Minister of Finance.
  51. Department of the Environment, Australia(2014).Emissions Reduction Fund - White Paper.Canberra:
  52. Jackson, Erwin,Kember, Olivia,Connor, John(2014).,Climate Institute.
  53. Liberal Party of Australia(2013).Our Plan: Real Solutions for all Australians.Canberra:
  54. Macfarlane, Ian(2014).Energy Green Paper.Canberra:Department of Industry.
  55. Pearce, David W.,Turner, R. Kerry(1990).Economics of Natural Resources and the Environment.New York:Harvester Wheatsheaf.
  56. St John, Alexander(2014).,Canberra:Parliamentary Library.
  57. Swoboda, Kai,St John, Alexander,Tomaras, Juli(2014).Carbon Farming Initiative Amendment Bill.Bills Digest,September
print cancel