船舶火災搶救對策探討

Discussion on Countermeasures for Ship Fire Rescue

10.6459/JCM.202203_19(1).0006

陳人豪(J. H. Chen)；沈永年(Y. N. Sheen)

船舶火災 ； 船舶火災搶救 ； 軍艦 ； 港口火災搶救 ； Ship fire ； Ship fire rescue ； Naval ship ； Harbor firefighting

危機管理學刊

19卷1期（2022 / 03 / 01）

57 - 64

繁體中文

火災在船舶海運意外事件中，發生的比率比較低，以至於容易被輕忽；然而船舶火災所造成的傷亡與損失其實很大，而且救援難度也高。依據安聯保險在AGCS 2019年海運安全報告中，全球貿易運輸有90%透過國際海運，瑞典俱樂部所做的調查，火災在海事案件中僅占0.76%，但造成的損失卻高達28.04%。為增加軍艦在火災的存活率，不論是艦艇或港內消防單位，均須具備互相支援救火的能力，因此本研究針對海軍應該具備的救災能力，依專家訪談及案例探討中來做為借鏡，提高本身的救火效能。本研究結果，可以提供船舶救災與陸岸消防議題、港務消防單位與消防主管機關單位之參考。

Statistics from Safety and Shipping Review of Allianz Global Corporate and Specialty indicates that around 90% of global trade is transported by sea ships. Statistics indicates that the fire incident rate of marine vessels is relatively low among overall marine accidents, and usually is negligent. However, the casualties and properties losses are extremely high because the rescue tasks for fire incidents are relatively difficult because they took place on oceanic sites. Although the Swedish Clue reported that ship fires accounted for only 0.76% in maritime accidents during 2007 and 2016, the losses in human lives and properties accounted as high as 28.04%. It is important to reduce the casualty rate and properties losses due to fire, therefore, both marine and harbor firefighter units have to possess the abilities to support and assist each other during firefighting and rescue actions. Current research focuses on the disaster prevention programs and relief capabilities that NAVY, Republic of China should process. Expert interviews and case studies are utilized to provide insight understanding in NAVY's firefighting knowledge, and suggestions in improvement of ship firefighting effectiveness and efficiency are proposed. The results of this study can provide information for ship disaster relief, land-based and shore-side firefighting issues, harbor firefighting units and firefighting authorities.

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