社區防災計畫對居民災害識覺與行為之影響

Relationship between a Disaster-Resistant Community Project and Residents' Disaster Perceptions

10.6459/JCM.202309_20(2).0006

林貝珊(Pei-Shan Sonia Lin)；王駿逸(Jyun-Yi Wang)；柯昭男(Jhao-Nan Ke)

災害管理 ； 社區營造 ； 土石流 ； 信義鄉 ； Disaster Management ； Community Building ； Debris Flow ； Xinyi Township

危機管理學刊

20卷2期（2023 / 09 / 01）

49 - 56

繁體中文;英文

災害識覺為影響行為的關鍵因素，近十年我國公部門推動社區層級防災計畫，除提供防救災硬體裝備，更希望提升居民防災意識；然而，防災社區計畫與居民災害識覺間的關係鮮少被探討。故，本研究從社區居民立場，探究防災社區計畫在地方的運作過程及其與社區居民災害識覺之關係。本研究以南投縣信義鄉自強村為例，以現地調查及深度訪談蒐集資料。研究發現，居民認為防災社區之推動多僅為形式上的演練，並未與居民深度互動，對居民災害識覺與行為的影響有限；個案雖曾推動防災社區計畫，但居民臨災行為仍以個人經驗為依據。然而，推動防災社區計畫所建立的人際網絡，對社區運作與居民災害識覺皆有明顯影響，能在臨災時發揮效果。本研究建議應著重居民網絡與風險溝通，才得以讓居民有意識且有共識地應對災害。

Disaster awareness is a key factor influencing behavior. In addition to providing hardware and equipment for disaster prevention and relief, the Taiwan government also hopes to raise residents' awareness of disaster through a "disaster-resistant community project." However, the relationship between disaster-resistant community projects and residents' disaster awareness has rarely been explored. This study explores the local operational processes of disaster-resistant community projects and their relationship to disaster awareness in the community from the perspectives of community residents. In this study, we collected data through on-site surveys and in-depth interviews in Ziqiang Village, Xinyi Township, Nantou County. The study found that the residents believed that the disaster-resistant community projects was mostly a formal exercise without in-depth interaction with the residents and that it had a very limited impact on their disaster awareness and behavior. Although this program has been promoted as a disaster prevention community project, residents' disaster response behavior is still based on their personal experience. However, the "interpersonal network" created by the project has a significant impact on community operations and disaster awareness, and can be effective during evacuation in the event of a disaster. This study suggests that emphasis should be placed on resident networks and risk communication in order to enable residents to respond to disasters consciously and to implement community response strategies based on consensus.

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