女性餐飲業者創業之動機、困難及領導才能之探討

The Relationship among Motivators, Barriers and Leadership of Women Entrepreneurs in Food Service Industry

10.6572/JHHE.3(3).2

林志鈞(Chih-Jiun Lin)；李孟燕(Meng-Yen Lee)

女性 ； 餐飲業 ； 創業者 ； 創業動機 ； 創業困難 ； Women ； Food Service Industry ； Entrepreneur ； Motivators of Entrepreneurship ； Barriers of Entrepreneurship

餐旅暨家政學刊

3卷3期（2006 / 09 / 01）

329 - 347

繁體中文

本研究目的在瞭解創業女性之人口統計變項、生活型態、心理等特質，同時探討女性創業動機，系統的檢視女性創業的困難與障礙，並將探討社會變遷、教育普及對女性創業者領導才能之影響。研究採立意抽樣方式，以問卷方式進行實地調查，有效問卷爲115份，信度α值爲0.7048、效度值爲0.82。資料處理主採次數、百分比分析，因素分析，獨立性樣本t檢定，單因子變異數分析及迴歸分析。研究結果顯示：女性創業動機爲追求社會成就；創業困難爲資金來源、不了解市場脈動及身心難以負荷；女性領導才能則以情緒管理、應變能力、專業技術及激勵能力爲其特色；創業者學歷較高者，危機處理能力、專業技術與激勵員工能力亦較高。

This study aimed to explore female entrepreneur's personal characteristics, life style, and psychological factors in food service industry. The purpose of this study is to investigate the motivators and barriers of entrepreneurship, as well as potential influence by societal changes and education on women's leadership. A judgment-sampling paradigm with questionnaire survey was adopted in this research. A total of 115 valid samples were collected. The reliability of Cronbach's alpha was 0.70, and validity coefficient was 0.82. Statistical analyzing techniques including descriptive statistics, factor analysis, t-test, one-way ANOVA, and regression analysis were utilized in this study. The major findings of this research were as follows. (1) The main motivator of female entrepreneurs is seeking for social achievement. (2) The barriers of entrepreneurship are short of funding, lack of market sense, and physical/psychological overload. The features of women's leadership can be characterized as emotion management, adaptation to change, professional skill, and motivating ability. Entrepreneurs with higher educational level exhibit better qualities on these management functions.

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