高中職學生個人特質、社會因素與身體意象之相關研究

Factors Related to Personal Characteristics, Social Influences, and the Body Image of Senior-High School Students: A Correlational Study

10.7118/JHSS.200912.0001

顏美智(Mei-Chi Yen)；黃德祥(Der-Hsiang Huang)

身體意象 ； 身體質量指數 ； 個人特質 ； 社會因素 ； 身體圖像 ； body image ； personalilty characteristics ； BMI ； Figure Rating Scale ； social influence

人文暨社會科學期刊

5卷2期（2009 / 12 / 01）

1 - 16

繁體中文

本研究之主要目的在探討影響高中、高職學生身體意象之相關因素及組別差異情形，並考驗背景變項、個人特質、社會因素對身體意象的預測作用。本研究的受試者以台灣地區高中、高職學生720人爲研究對象。評量工具包括基本資料調查表（身高、體重、性別）、個人特質量表（含自尊與沮喪）、父母影響量表、同儕影響量表、媒體影響量表、身體意象量表與身體圖像量表。所得資料經以描述統計、t檢定、ANOVA、皮爾森積差相關、逐步迴歸分析等方法進行統計分析。本研究有下列重要發現：(1)不同性別與不同身體質量指數(body mass index, BMI)組別的青少年在身體意象上有顯著的差異。(2)青少年的個人特質與社會因素與身體意象有顯著的相關。(3)青少年的背景變項（性別、BMI）、個人特質（自尊）與社會因素（父母影響、同儕影響、媒體影響）得分對身體意象有顯著的預測作用。本研究根據研究發現，對青少年之教育及輔導提出建議。

The main purpose of this study is to explore the impact of various factors on the body image of adolescents and their group differences as well as to test the predictions of background variables, personalilty characteristics, and social influences on that image. The subjects are 720 Taiwanese students between the ages of 16 and 18. The scales used to test the relationships among the individual characteristics, social influences and body image include the following: (1) Basic Inventory, (2) Self-Esteem, (3) Depression, (4) Parental Influences, (5) Peer Influences, (6) Media Influences, (7) Body Image and (8) Figure Rating. Descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, ANOVA, stepwise regression and a t-test are used for analyzing the data. The results of the study are as follows: (1) There are significant differences in body image in terms of the participants' gender and BMI (body mass index). (2) The body image of the respective participants is significantly correlated with personalilty characteristics (self-esteem and depression), and social influences (parents, peer and media). (3) The background variables (gender and BMI), personalilty characteristics (self-esteem) and social influences (parents, peer and media) of the participants can significantly predict the body image. In conclusion, suggestions are made on the basis of educational and counseling strategies to promote the healthy development of adolescents.

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