多階層供應鏈在資訊共享下的前置時間管理：解析方法與績效評估

Lead Time Managed in a Multi-Echelon Supply Chain with Information Sharing: Analytical Approach and Performance Evaluation

10.6188/JEB.2006.8(2).04

陳以明(Yee-Ming Chen)；李文文(Wen-Wen Lee)

長鞭效應 ； 資訊共享策略 ； 前置時間型態 ； bullwhip effect ； information sharing strategies ； lead time distributions

電子商務學報

8卷2期（2006 / 06 / 01）

235 - 270

繁體中文

本文重點為「前置時問管理」和「資訊共享策略」對供應鏈績效影響之研究。我們提出四種資訊共享策略：(1)訂單資訊共享、(2)需求資訊共享、(3)存貨資訊共享、(4)出貨資訊共享。以多階供應鏈為基礎，評估不同的前置時間型態在四個資訊共享策略下的績效表現。在本文中，我們先探究最終顧客需求型態對供應鏈造成的影響，和不同的資訊共享策略之下，運前置時間寬鬆控管會適度的改善供應鏈的績效。以數量化的結果顯示需求資訊共享在總存貨成本和長鞭效應上帶來最大的績效表現。所提出需求資訊共享策略，在不同前置時間型態的長鞭效應會相同；而其他資訊共享策略在前置時間偏斜型態是會影響長鞭效應的程度，同時我們可觀察到前置時間愈往上游階層偏斜者的供應鏈績效較佳，以此洞悉可幫助管理者做到不同資訊共享策略下的前置時間控管。

The paper studies the effects of lead time managed and information sharing strategies on supply chain performance. We proposed four types of information sharing strategies for a supply chain: (1) Order information strategy. (2) Demand information sharing strategy, (3) Inventory sharing strategy, (4) Shipment information sharing strategy. The analytical approach is on a multi-echelon supply chain to evaluate the impact of different lead time distributions under four information sharing strategies. In this paper, we set out to explore what will happen if the end customers' demand pattern changes and where lead time relaxing managed will accordingly improved the supply chain performance under different information sharing strategies. Our numerical results indicate that demand information sharing strategy gives improvement in four-tier supply chain performance of overall inventory cost and bullwhip effect. For demand information sharing strategy, the bullwhip effect remains unchanged under the different t lead time distribution. The different lead time skewed distributions will lead to reduce the bullwhip effect for the other information sharing strategies. We also observe that the supply chain performs better when we have larger lead time upstream and shorter lead time downstream (i.e. skewed towards upstream). These insights can help managers in the lead time control under different information sharing strategies.

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