Innovation Dynamics: Decision Making in Changeable Spaces Based on Habitual Domains

創新動態學：以習慣領域爲基礎探討可變空間之決策制定

10.29548/BGYY.201103.0011

陳彥曲(Yen-Chu Chen)

習慣領域 ； 能力集合分析 ； 可變空間下的決策 ； 創新動態學 ； Habitual Domain ； Decision Making in Changeable Space ； Competence Set Analysis ； Innovation Dynamics

修平學報

22期（2011 / 03 / 01）

163 - 177

英文

人類行為乃由動態且複雜的流程所組成。決策行為係人類行為的一部份，因此亦含有許多動態變化的參數。這些參數互相影響，且會隨著時間、情境，乃至於決策者的心理狀態變化而有所改變。根據習慣領域理論，決策行為雖因不同參數的變化而改變，卻會隨著時間的經過而達到穩定狀態，並且具有習慣性；這使得人們常不自覺地假設決策參數的維度或範圍是固定的。然而在現實生活中，決策參數的變化並非固定在某特定範圍，甚至可能不為人所注意。具備這種動態特性的決策，稱為可變空間下的決策。企業創新問題即屬於可變空間下的決策問題。 企業創新本身是一個動態過程，包含了能力集合的擴展轉化，提供產品及服務以解除特定族群的痛苦與煩惱，創造價值並進一步分配價值；其中每個環節都涉及可變空間之決策制定。過去的創新研究中，缺乏整體性的架構以描述此一動態流程。本研究將以習慣領域理論為基礎，提出「創新動態學」此一動態循環架構，探討企業如何深入潛在領域，有效獲取、轉化其能力集合，滿足顧客需求，並且創造價值。文中並以知名企業為例進行驗證，期望透過個案探討方式幫助企業了解如何落實創新與創造價值，以提升企業競爭力。

Human behaviors involve dynamic, evolving, interactive, adaptive processes. Important decision making, as a part of human behaviors, is usually dynamic and involves changeable parameters. These parameters can interact with each other and vary with time, the situation, and changes in the psychological states of the decision makers involved. According to the habitual domains theory, decision making can reach a steady state and exhibit habitual patterns as time passes. As a consequence, people may unwittingly assume that the decision parameters have fixed known dimensions and ranges. However, in real life, the parameters might or might not be noticed. Even when they are noticed, their dimensions and ranges cannot be predetermined. Decision making with this kind of feature, is called ”decision making in changeable spaces”. Corporate innovation problems are of this type. Innovation itself is a dynamic process, which includes transforming competence sets for innovation, producing products or services to release the pains and frustrations of target groups, and creating and distributing value. In the field of innovation studies, no framework has systematically described these processes in the past. This research is the first attempt to integrate these components into a single system. Business innovation itself involves decision making problems in changeable space, including transforming competence set for innovation, producing products or services to release the pain and frustration of target groups, creating values, and distributing values. Based on habitual domains theory and its related competence set analysis, this article introduces the concepts of habitual domains and decision makings in changeable spaces as to describe the dynamics of human behavior and the changing nature of decision making problems. It explores the expansion of competence sets and creation of value, and proposes an integrated framework, Innovation Dynamics. Two corporate cases are discussed to verify the framework. By examining the operations of each link in innovation dynamics, corporations can understand if each and all links are properly developed, so that they can continually upgrade their products/services and create maximal value by releasing the pains and frustrations in potential domains of customers.

1. Chan, S. J.,Yu, P. L.(1985).Stable habitual domains: existence and implications.Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications,110,469-482.
2. Cohen, W. M.,Levinthal, D. A.(1990).Absorptive capacity: a new perspective on learning and innovation.Administrative Science Quarterly,35(1),128-152.
3. Edquist, D.(1997).Systems of innovation. Technologies, institutions and organizations.London:Pinter.
4. Hauser, J.,Tellis, G. J.,Griffin, A.(2006).Research on innovation: a review and agenda for marketing science.Marketing Science,25(6),687-717.
5. Leonard-Barton, D.(1995).Wellsprings of Knowledge: Building and Sustaining the Sources of Innovation.Harvard Business School Press.
6. Mcadam, R.(2000).Knowledge management as a catalyst for innovation within organizations a qualitative study.Knowledge and Process Management,7(4),233-241.
7. Shapiro, S.(2001).24/7 innovation: a blueprint for surviving and thriving in an age of change.M. McGraw-Hill.
8. Tidd, J.,Bessant, J.,Pavitt, K.(2005).Managing Innovation.Chichester:John Wiley & Sons Ltd,.
9. Yu, P. L.(2002).Habitual Domains and Forming Winning Strategies.Taiwan:NCTU Press.
10. Yu, P. L.(2009).HD: Habitual Domains, the Human Softwares That Determine Your Life.Taipei, Taiwan:Reading Times.
11. Yu, P. L.(1989).Understanding Behaviors and Forming Winning Strategies.School of Business, University of Kansas.
12. Yu, P. L.(1985).Multiple Criteria Decision Making Concepts, Techniques and Extensions.New York:Plenum Press.
13. Yu, P. L.(1990).Forming Winning Strategies, an Integrated Theory of Habitual Domains.Berlin:Springer-Verlag.
14. Yu, P. L.,Chen, Y. C..Dynamic multiple criteria decision making in changeable spaces from habitual domains to innovation dynamics.Annals of Operations Research
15. Yu, P. L.,Chen, Y. C.(2010).Dynamic MCDM, Habitual Domains and Competence Set Analysis for Effective Decision Making in Changeable Spaces.Trends in Multiple Criteria Decision Analysis
16. Yu, P. L.,Chen, Y. C..Blinds, fuzziness and habitual domain tools in decision making with changeable spaces.Human Systems Management
17. Yu, P. L.,Chiang-Lin, C. Y.(2006).Decision traps and competence dynamics in changeable spaces.International Journal of Information Technology and Decision Making,5(1),5-18.