工業常用吸附劑之熱分析研究

Thermal Analyses and Safety Evaluation of Industrial Adsorbents in Industry

10.29548/BGYY.201109.0004

蔣忠誠(Chung-Cheng Chiang)；陳耀漢(Yao-Han Chen)；吳勝宏(Sheng-Hung Wu)；徐啟銘(Chi-Min Shu)

吸附劑 ； 多孔性沸石 ； 活性碳 ； 微差掃描熱卡計 ； 熱重分析儀 ； adsorbent ； zeolite ； activated carbon ； differential scanning calorimetry DSC ； thermogravimetric analyzer TGA

修平學報

23期（2011 / 09 / 01）

73 - 81

繁體中文

近十幾年來多孔洞性材料因具有極高的表面積，被廣泛應用為吸附劑(adsorbent)、觸媒(catalyst)及離子交換劑(ion exchange)等技術層面上以去除空氣或水中污染物質。針對工業界常用的吸附劑包含沸石(zeolite)、活性碳(activated carbon)、矽膠(silica gel)以及活性氧化鋁(activated alumina)，可依不同性質使用於水或空氣中吸附有機污染物、重金屬污染物等，如：揮發性有機物(volatile organic compounds, VOCs)、二氧化碳(carbon dioxide, CO2)、水中之餘氯等。目前許多專家學者研究均針對於吸附劑之吸附效率、脫附效率與標的污染物，但卻僅有少數研究針吸附劑本質安全性及再生性加以評估。本研究將針對工業界常用四種吸附劑運用熱分析技術加以分析其材料本身熱穩定性及安定性。本研究使用微差掃描熱卡計(differential scanning calorimetry, DSC)以及熱重分析儀(thermogravimetric analyzer, TGA)針對沸石、活性碳、矽膠以及活氧化鋁進行材料本質安全及再生性脫附處理時材料本身之安全條件分析與測試，以提供相關研究與應用之參考並適當選擇吸附劑使用。本研究中得知，活性碳具有高的放熱能量並不適合做為高溫吸脫附之材質儘可能成為前處理或後處理的吸附材料。活性氧化鋁與矽膠之吸附操作溫度範圍為30-150℃與30-150℃，而沸石則為30-150℃。活性碳則於500℃後會產生熱危害(thermal hazard)。活性氧化鋁、沸石、矽膠本身皆不具有放熱效應(exothermic effect)，可安心使用於相關工業吸脫附製程，但使用這些材料吸附相關汙染物時仍需注意汙染物之燃燒性(flammable)與反應性(reactivity)。

Industrial material including zeolite, activated carbon, activated alumina, silica gel, etc are widely used as adsorbents for volatile organic compounds (VOCs), carbon dioxide (CO2) or residual chlorine in air or water adsorption, catalyst and ion exchange because of its high surface area. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) were applied to determine and analyze thermal hazard and safety of four adsorbents for control their regenerative process and provide a reference for relevant research and application.The best operating temperature range of zeolite, activated alumina and silica gel were discovered to be 30-150℃ in this study. According to the experimental results, zeolite is an adsorbent with low cost, good structural stability and better adsorption efficiency in industries. Thermal hazard of activated carbon was investigated occurring after 500℃ of process temperature.

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