大學生性別角色、金錢態度與理財行為之研究：以修平科大學生為例

Gender Role, Money Attitude and Financial Behavior-A Case Study of HUST

王芳醴(Fang-Li Wang)；張燦明(Tsan-Ming Chan)；李玫憲(Mei-Hsien Lee)

性別角色 ； 金錢態度 ； 理財行為 ； gender role ； money attitude ； financial behavior

修平學報

31期（2015 / 10 / 01）

135 - 156

繁體中文

鑒於至今尚未見國內外學者，探討有關性別角色、金錢態度與理財行為等關聯性之議題。因此本研究嘗試在現今兩性平權觀念及制度下，以修平科大學生為例，首先，探討不同的性別角色對於金錢態度與理財行為之差異性，其次是金錢態度與理財行為之關聯性。本研究於2014年4-5月期間內透過系統性抽樣方法，有效問卷325份，藉由複迴歸分析法，探討金錢態度的四橋面與理財行為的兩構面，彼此間之路徑關係。研究發現金錢態度、理財行為及性別角色等，無論是男性或女性皆無差異；在性別角色方面，有『女性化』傾向的學生，對金錢態度的『焦慮感』、『不信任』、『維持保留』等橋面，呈現非常顯著的關係，而且對『理財規劃』亦呈現非常顯著關連；其次對『理財行為』而言，有『女性化』與『中性化』傾向的學生對此是相當重視的。簡言之，『男性化』傾向的學生，無論是在金錢態度或理財行為兩方面，皆呈現無顯著相關性。反而『女性化』傾向的學生對金錢態度與理財行為是相當重視的。值得注意的是，在理財規劃觀念，工程學院、人文與創意學院皆高於管理學院的學生。於金錢態度方面，則以年齡越長者，對『權利／名望』的看法則愈顯重要。在金錢態度的『焦慮感』、『不信任』與『維持保留』三橋面，非常顯著影響理財行為之『理財管理』，同時『維持保留』、『不信任』也會顯著的影響理財行為之『理財規劃』；亦即由於大學生受金錢態度『維持保留』、『不信任』的影響，而在『理財行為』方面，不僅會先做好理財規劃，並會思考如何理財管理。

Correlations among gender, attitude towards money and financial behavior in Taiwan have rarely been taken into scholarly discussion. Motivated by the concept of gender equality and promoted by epistemological need, this paper took Hsiuping University of Science and Technology (HUST), Taichung Province, Taiwan, as a case study, seeking to explore, first, the different gender attitude towards money (money attitude) and their financial behavior, and second, the correlations between money attitude and financial behavior. Methodologically, a systemic sampling was taken between April and May, 2014, with 325 valid questionnaires collected. This was followed by a multiple regression analysis, assisted by a design of four facets of money attitude and two facets of financial behavior, aimed at better understanding of their correlations. The findings could be summarized as follows. To begin with, there was no significant difference between male and female in their correlations with money attitude, financial behavior and their self-awareness of gender roles. Respondents with feminine tendencies showed a significant degree of correlation with ＂anxiety＂, ＂retention-time＂ and ＂distrust＂, three of the facets of money attitude. A similar level of significance also applied to the correlation between the above respondents and ＂financial planning＂, one of the two facets in financial behavior. Respondents identifying themselves as ＂feminine＂ and ＂neutral＂ tended to emphasize the importance of financial behavior. In short, for ＂masculine＂ students, there is no significant correlation both in terms of money attitude and financial behavior. Instead, ＂feminine＂ students fairly value money attitude and financial behavior. What was also worth attention here was that firstly there was a higher degree of significance in financial behavior shown in those from the School of Engineering, of Humanities and Creativity than those from School of Management. Also, mature students tended to have a higher degree of significance in their attitude towards ＂rights and fame＂ when it came to money attitude. With respect to the analysis of the four facets, it was found that ＂anxiety＂, ＂retention-time＂ and ＂distrust＂ left significant degrees of impact on ＂financial management＂ facet. ＂Retention-time＂ and ＂distrust＂ on the other hand caused significant degrees of impact on ＂financial planning＂. This paper therefore concluded that, with respect of money attitude, ＂retention-time＂ and ＂distrust＂ might be two significant variables for college students to take financial planning and financial management seriously.

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