國民小學校長教學視導之微觀政治分析：從控制到增能賦權

Analysis of the Micro-politics of Elementary School Principals' Instructional Supervision: from Control to Empowerment

10.7037/JNTUE.201206.0001

林世元(Shih-Yuan Lin)；呂錘卿(Chui-Ching Lu)

國民小學校長 ； 教學視導 ； 微觀政治 ； 增權賦能 ； Elementary School Principal ； Instructional Supervision ； Micro-Politics ； Empowerment

臺中教育大學學報：教育類

26卷1期（2012 / 06 / 01）

1 - 29

繁體中文

本研究旨在從微觀政治學的觀點，針對國民小學校長教學視導的行為進行分析探討。首先，探討校長與教師互動時，教育理念與利益考量之差異；進而分析校長積極正向與消極負向的教學視導行為及其對教師的影響。基於研究目的，本研究採質性研究法，以國民小學校長、主任及教師為對象，進行深度訪談以蒐集資料。經由資料的分析與討論，本研究歸納三點結論，並提出五點建議，期望有助於解決教學視導微觀政治現象所蘊藏問題之政治權力策略。

The purpose of this study was to analyze and discuss elementary school principals' instructional supervision behavior from the viewpoint of micro-politics. First, the study discusses the differences in the educational ideas and interests when the principals interact with teachers. Further, the study analyzes the principals' positive and negative instructional supervision and their impacts on teachers. Based on the purpose of research, the study adopts a qualitative research method. The subjects of this study were elementary school principals and teachers, with whom the author interviewed in-depth. The study collected data through these interviews. Through the analysis of data and discussion, there were three conclusions, five suggestions in this study and the author hopes to solve the hidden problems of political power strategies in the micro-politics phenomenon.

1. 席榮維(2005)。以微觀政治觀點分析校長的教學視導。學校行政月刊，36，17-26。
   連結：
2. 黃乃熒(2007)。國民中學教師所秉持學校組織變革意識型態之調查研究。臺中教育大學學報：教育類，21(2)，1-28。
   連結：
3. Ashby, J. W.(1996).University of Texas at Austin.
4. Ball, S. J.(1987).The micropolitics of the school: Toward a theory of school organization.London:Methuen.
5. Beach, D. M.,Reinhartz, J.(2000).Supervisory leadership: Focus on instruction.Boston, MA:Allyn & Bacon.
6. Blasé, J.(1989).The micropolitics of the schools: The everyday political orientation of teachers toward open school principals.Educational Administration Quarterly,25(4),377-407.
7. Blasé, J.(Ed.)(1991).The politics of life in schools: Power, conflict, and cooperation.Newbury Park, CA:Sage.
8. Blasé, J.,Blasé, J.(2002).The micropolitics of instructional supervision: A call for research.Educational Administration Quarterly,38(1),6-44.
9. Blasé, J.,Blasé, J.(1998).Handbook of instructional leadership: How realy good principals promote teaching and learning.Thousand Oaks, CA:Corwin.
10. Downey, C. J.,Steffy, B. E.,English, F. W.,Frase, L. E.,Poston, W. K.(2004).The three-minute classroom walk-through: Changing school supervisory practice one teacher at a time.Thousand Oaks, CA:Corwin.
11. Fullan, M.,Stiegelbaure, S.(1991).The new meaning of educational change.New York, NY:Teachers College.
12. Glanz, J.(1998).Action research: An educational leader's guide to school improvement.Norwood, MA:Christopher-Gordon.
13. Glickman, C. D.(1991).Pretending not to know what we know.Educational Leadership,48(8),4-10.
14. Glickman, C. D.,Gordon, S. P.,Ross-Gordon, J. M.(2007).Supervision and instructional leadership: A developmental approach (7th ed.).Boston, MA:Allyn & Bacon.
15. Glickman, C. D.,Gordon, S. P.,Ross-Gordon, J. M.(2001).Supervision and instructional leadership: A developmental approach (5th ed.).Boston, MA:Allyn & Bacon.
16. Hanson, E. M.(1991).Educational administration and organizational behavior(3rd ed.).Needham Heights, MA:Allyn & Bacon.
17. Hoyle, E.(1986).Politics of school management.Hightstown, NJ:Princeton.
18. Hoyle, E.,Wallace, M.(2005).Educational leadership: Ambiguity, professionals and managerialism.Thousand Oaks, CA:Sage.
19. Joyce, B. R.,Showers, B.(1995).Student achievement through staff development: Fundamentals of school renewal (2nd ed.).New York, NY:Longman.
20. Kelchtermans, G.,Ballet, K.(2002).The micropolitics of teacher induction: A narrative-biographical study on teacher socialization.Teaching and Teacher Education,18,105-120.
21. Krajewski, R.(1996).Supervision 2015.Wingspan,11(22),15-17.
22. Lindle, J. C.(1999).What can the study of micropolitics contribute to the practice of leadership in reforming schools.School Leadership and Management,19(2),171-178.
23. Marshall, C.,Scribner, J. D.(1991)."It's all political." Inquire into the micropolitics of education.Education and Urban Society,23(4),347-355.
24. Moore, V. V.(1996).Graduate Faculty, Texas Tech University.
25. Nolan, J. F., Jr.,Hoover, L. A.(2008).Teacher supervision & evaluation: Theory into practice(2nd ed.).New York, NY:John Wiley & Sons.
26. Oliva, P. F.,Pawlas, G. E.(2008).Supervision for today's schools (6th ed.).New York, MA:John Wiley & Sons.
27. Sergiovanni, T. J.(1987).The principalship: A reflective practice perspective.Newton, MA:Allyn & Bacon.
28. Sergiovanni, T. J.,Starratt, R. J.(2007).Supervision: A redefinition(8th ed.).New York, MA:McGraw-Hill.
29. Singh, K.,Shifflette, L. A.(1996).Teachers' perspectives on professional development.Journal of Personnel Evaluation in Education,10,145-160.
30. Weick, K. E.(1976).Educational organizational as loosely coupled systems.Administration Science Quarterly,21,1-19.
31. Wiles, J.,Bondi, J.(1986).Supervision: A guide to practice (2nd ed.).Columbus, OH:C. E. Merrill.
32. 中正大學教育研究所編(2005)。質的研究方法。高雄市:麗文。
33. 王如哲、林明地、張志明、黃乃熒、楊振昇(1999)。教育行政。高雄市:麗文。
34. 呂木琳(2002)。教學視導—理論與實務（二版）。臺北市:五南。
35. 林逸青(2003)。博士論文(博士論文)。臺北市，國立臺北師範學院。
36. 孫邦正(1970)。教育視導大綱。臺北市:臺灣商務。
37. 張德銳(2000)。教育行政研究。臺北市:五南。
38. 許籐繼(2005)。教學視導人員能力指標建構之研究（二版）。臺北市:師大師苑。
39. 陳幸仁(2007)。微觀政治學：一個學校行政的新興研究領域。教育行政與評鑑學刊，3，67-86。
40. 黃乃熒(2003)。行政院國家科學委員會專題研究計畫成果報告行政院國家科學委員會專題研究計畫成果報告,行政院國家科學委員會。
41. 黃政傑編、李隆盛編(1996)。技職教育概論。臺北市:師大書苑。
42. 楊振昇(1999)。我國教學視導制度之困境與因應。課程與教學，2(2)，15-30。
43. 楊淑芬(2009)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。嘉義縣，國立中正大學。
44. 溫子欣(2009)。博士論文(博士論文)。臺北市，國立政治大學。
45. 齊力、林本炫(2006)。質性研究方法與資料分析（二版）。嘉義縣:南華大學教育社會學研究所。
46. 蔡進雄(2000)。學校科層體制與教師專業自主的衝突解決之道—以學校教師會為例。教育實習輔導，5(4)，82-87。
47. 蔡璧煌(2008)。教育政治學。臺北市:五南。
48. 謝宇斐(2003)。博士論文(博士論文)。臺北市，國立臺灣師範大學。

1. 李雯琪(2016)。從縣市督學工作場域論其所需專業能力。彰化師大教育學報，28/29，1-24。
2. 林和春(2013)。國小校長教學視導之研究：角色踐行與能力發展為焦點。中等教育，64(4)，33-55。
3. 劉佳雄、楊美玉、陳映潔、柯旻秀、柯佑宗(2013)。領導效能研究的回顧與展望：1985-2012。人力資源管理學報，13(4)，1-39。
4. 莊念青,李亦欣,丁一顧(2019)。正向教學視導的理論基礎與實施程序之探究。課程與教學，22(1)，121-140。