高中英文教科書性別呈現之內容分析

Gender Representation in English Textbooks of Senior High School- A Content Analysis

陳聰賓(Tsung-pin Chen)

性別呈現 ； 內容分析 ； 英文教科書 ； 教科書分析 ； Content Analysis ； English Textbook ； Gender Representation ； Textbook Analysis

臺中教育大學學報：人文藝術類

33卷2期（2019 / 12 / 01）

25 - 44

繁體中文

本研究旨在探討高中英文教科書當中性別角色之呈現。分析範圍為三民版高中英文教科書第一到六冊所有課文選文，分析理論架構採內容分析法。在性別呈現的面相共分為五大類別：人物數量與出現頻率、社會角色、家庭角色、出現順序、圖片人物性別呈現。研究發現如下：在人物數量方面，男性人物遠多於女性人物數目，提及頻率男性亦高於女性，呈現性別不均之情形；在社會角色的扮演上，男性扮演的社會角色較女性扮演的社會角色更多元；兩性扮演的家庭角色均為數不多；男女出現順序詞組大多反映出英文使用者約定俗成的用法，即男性置於女性前；圖片呈現人物的性別比例仍是男大於女。最後，本文提供未來研究相關建議，可著眼於教科書文本產生與使用的時空背景脈絡進一步分析。

The present study aims at exploring the gender representation of English textbooks in senior high school. The targeted materials for analysis were taken from Book One to Book Six in Sanmin version. The methodology adopted for the present study was content analysis. Gender representation was investigated from five aspects: characters and frequency, social roles, domestic roles, order of appearance, and pictorial representation. The findings are as follows: (1) in characters and frequency, the number of male characters is a lot higher than that of female characters, and so is the frequency of mention, (2) in social roles, the roles performed by males are of greater variety than those by females, (3) in domestic roles, neither genders play domestic roles, (4) in order of appearance, a conventional expression in English language is adopted, namely, male before female, and (5) in pictorial representation, the ratio of male characters to female remains relatively high. To sum up, suggestions for further studies are provided for the production and practice of textbooks in terms of temporal and spatial backgrounds.

1. 吳雅玲(2002)。國中二年級英語教科書中性別意識之檢視。課程與教學，5(3)，81-98。
   連結：
2. 周珮儀、鄭長明(2006)。一個我國教科書研究資料庫的建置與分析。教育學刊，26，109-131。
   連結：
3. 林信志(2014)。高級中學教科書性別偏見檢視規準之建構：德懷術與層級分析法之應用。課程與教學，17(3)，119-146。
   連結：
4. Babbie, E.(1995).The Practice of Social Research.Belmont:Wadsworth Publishing Company.
5. Briere. J.,Lanktree, C.(1983).Sex-role related effects of sex bias in language.Sex Roles,9,625-632.
6. Chick, K. A.(2006).Gender balance in K-12 American history textbooks.Social Studies Research and Practice,1(30),284-290.
7. Crawford, M.,English, L.(1984).Generic versus specific inclusion of women in language: Effects on recall.Journal of Psycholinguistics Research,13,373-381.
8. Eckert, P.,McConnell-Ginet, S.(2013).Language and gender.Cambridge University Press.
9. Esmaili, Fateme,Amerian, Majid(2014).Gender representation in Iranian high school English textbooks with a critical discourse analysis perspective.International Journal of Language Learning and Applied Linguistics World,5(4),277-289.
10. Evans, L.,Davies, K.(2000).No sissy boys here: A content analysis of the representation of masculinity in elementary school reading textbooks.Sex Roles,41,255-270.
11. Frasher, R.,Walker, A.(1972).Sex roles in early reading textbooks.The Reading Teacher,25(8),741-749.
12. Frederickson(2004).Surveying gender: Another look at the way we teach United States history.The History Teacher,37,476-484.
13. Gooden, A. M.,Gooden, M. A.(2001).Gender representation in notable children's picture books: 1995-1999.Sex roles,45(1-2),89-101.
14. Hellinger, M.(1980)."For men must work, and women must weep": Sexism in English language textbooks used in German schools.Women's Studies International Quarterly,3,267-275.
15. Law, K. W. K.,Chan, A. H. N.(2004).Gender role stereotyping in Hong Kong's primary school Chinese language subject textbooks.Asian Journal of Women's Studies,10,49-69.
16. Lee, Jackie F. K.,Collins, Peter(2010).Construction of gender: A comparison Australian and Hong Kong English language textbooks.Journal of Language Studies,19(2),121-137.
17. Lee, Jackie F. K.,Collins, Peter(2009).Australian English-language textbooks: the gender issues.Gender and education,21(4),353-370.
18. McDermott, S.,Martin, M.,Weinrich, M.,Kelly, M.(1999).Program evaluation of a sex education curriculum for women with mental retardation.Research in Developmental Disabilities,20(2),93-106.
19. Mitchell, J.,Rhyne, P.(1989).A comparative study of the portrayal of adults in elementary science textbooks.annual meeting of the Southeastern Association of Teacher Educators,San Antonio, TX.:
20. Osler(1994).Still hidden from history? The representation of women in recently published history textbooks.Oxford Review of Education,20(2),219-235.
21. Porreca, K. L.(1984).Sexism in current ESL textbooks.TESOL Quarterly,18,705-724.
22. Sadker, M.(1989).Gender equity and educational reform.Educational Leadership,46(6),44-47.
23. Sartori Stein, A.(1978).Cultural chauvinism in foreign-language textbooks.The Role of Women in Foreign-Language Textbooks,Bruxelles:
24. Yang, C. C.(2011).Gender representation in a Hong Kong primary English textbook series: The relationship between language planning and social policy.Current Issues in Language Planning,12(1),77-88.
25. Youdell, D.(2005).Sex-gender-sexuality: How sex, gender and sexuality constellations are constituted in secondary school.Gender and Education,17,249-270.
26. 王文科(2007)。教育研究法。台北:五南。
27. 王芸姍(2015)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。嘉義，國立中正大學。
28. 吳密察編、江文瑜編(1993)。體檢國小教科書。台北:台灣教授學會。
29. 呂興忠(1999)。土地、性別、教科書—高中國文課本的再探討。「邁向二十一世紀性平等教育」國內學術研討會論文集，高雄市:
30. 周素碧(2010)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。嘉義，國立中正大學。
31. 倪炎元(1999)。再現的政治：解讀媒介對他者負面建構的策略。新聞學研究，58
32. 唐詩佳(2013)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。新北市，淡江大學。
33. 唐藝秦(2014)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。台南，台南教育大學。
34. 張盈堃(2001)。性別與教育—批判教育學觀點。台北:師大書苑。
35. 莊明貞(2012)。性別、知識與權力：九年一貫綜合活動教科書性別文本的分析。教育研究月刊，5，52-73。
36. 莊明貞(2003)。性別與課程—理念、實踐。台北:高等教育。
37. 陳伯璋編(1998)。意識形態與教育。台北:師大書苑。
38. 陳明敏(2003)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。南投，暨南國際大學。
39. 黃光雄編、簡茂發編(1991)。教育研究法。台北:師大書苑。
40. 黃政傑(1988)。教育理想的追求。台北:心理。
41. 楊明德(2004)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。嘉義，國立中正大學。
42. 歐用生(1985)。我國國民小學社會科教科書意識形態之分析。新竹師專學報，12，91-125。
43. 潘慧玲編(2000)。教育議題的性別視野。台北:國立台灣師範大學。
44. 戴淑敏(2004)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。高雄，國立高雄師範大學。
45. 蘇怡婷(2008)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。彰化，彰化師範大學。