大專校院打者上壘率因素探討：以國立臺東大學棒球隊為例

Factors Affecting On-Base Percentage in College Hitters: A Case Study of National Taitung University Baseball Team

鍾學超(Xue-Chao Zhong)；陳秀惠(Hsiu-Hui Chen)；謝承勳(Cheng-Xun Xie)

球種型態 ； 球數情境 ； 佔壘情境 ； types of pitches ； ball count situations ； baserunning situations

臺東大學體育學報

39期（2023 / 12 / 01）

19 - 35

繁體中文;英文

目的：本研究旨在比較不同組別大專打者在面對不同球種（直球與變化球）、不同球數情境（打者球數領先、球數平手、球數落後）、不同佔壘情境（得點圈有無跑壘者）之上壘率。方法：收集國立臺東大學棒球隊109學年度28場賽事之比賽影片與紀錄內容，由兩位紀錄員彙整紙本紀錄資料，將18位打擊選手以打席數區分為先發組（大、等於74打席）與候補組（小於74打席）。以描述性統計、二因子變異數分析檢驗不同組別選手在不同球種型態、不同球數情境、不同佔壘情境之上壘率差異情形。結果：（一）在不同球種形態裡，直球上壘率顯著高於變化球上壘率（F_((2, 18))=14.97,p=.000）。（二）不同組別打者在不同球數情境有顯著交互作用（F_((2, 32))=3.70,p=.036），單純主要效果顯示，在不同組別打者上壘率中，先發選手上壘率依序為球數領先、平手以及球數落後，候補選手僅在球數領先時上壘率較高；在不同球數情境上壘率裡，先發選手在球數落後時顯著高於候補選手。（三）不同組別打者在不同佔壘情境下，皆無顯著差異。結論：國立臺東大學棒球隊先發與候補打者，在不同球種型態應變能力不分伯仲，但整體來說仍須加強面對變化球時的上壘機率。先發打者更在不同球數情境下比候補打者有較為優異上壘率，然而，兩組打擊者在不同佔壘情境下卻是相當，因此，建議需要加強在得點圈有人時，打者在攻勢上的串聯，把握得分時機。

The purpose of this study was to compare the on-base percentage of different groups of college baseball hitters facing different types of pitches (fastballs and breaking balls), different ball count situations (ahead in the count, even count, behind in the count), and different baserunning situations (runner on scoring position base or not). The study collected game videos and records from 28 games of the 109th academic year of the National Taitung University baseball team. Two record keepers compiled paper records for 18 batters, dividing them into starting (greater than or equal to 74 plate appearances) and bench groups (less than 74 plate appearances). Descriptive statistics and two-factor ANOVA were used to examine the differences in on-base percentage among player groups in pitch types, pitch count situations, and baserunning situations. The results showed that： (1) the on-base percentage for fastballs was significantly higher than for breaking balls (F_((2,4)) = 14.97 , p = .000); (2) there was a significant interaction between different player groups and different pitch count situations (F_((2,32)) = 3.70 , p = .036), and simple main effect revealed that the starting players had the on-base percentage of ahead in the count, tie and behind in the count ordinally, while the bench players only had the highest on-base percentage when ahead in the count. Starting players had a significantly higher on-base percentage than bench players when behind in the count; (3) there was no significant difference in on-base percentage between different player groups in different baserunning situations. In conclusion, the starting and bench hitters of the National Taitung University baseball team showed similar adaptability to different pitch types, but still need to improve their on-base percentage when facing breaking balls. Starting players had a better on-base percentage than bench players in different pitch count situations, but both groups of hitters showed similar performance in different baserunning situations. Therefore, it is recommended that hitters strengthen their ability to connect on offense when there are runners on base and take advantage of scoring opportunities.