不同結果獲悉下之競爭與非競爭羽球發短球競賽表現和成敗歸因

The Study of Performance and Attribution of Success/Failure Perceived between Different Knowledge of Results: Using Competition and Non-Competition Badminton Backhand Short Serve Tests

10.6194/SCS.2009.13.04

陳偉瑀(Wei-Yu Chen)

回饋 ； 歸因 ； 運動表現 ； feedback ； attribution ； sport performance

運動教練科學

13期（2009 / 03 / 01）

63 - 80

繁體中文

本研究的主要目的有二：一是探討結果獲悉和競爭情境對羽球發短球運動表現的影響。二為探討結果獲悉和競爭情境對成敗歸因的影響。以北區某技職院校選修羽球組128學生為研究對象。所使用的工具為「成敗歸因問卷」。研究結果發現：1.結果獲悉和競爭情境在羽球發短球運動表現上有交互作用存在。在摘要回饋時，有競爭組比無競爭組有較佳的表現；在無競爭時，立即回饋組比摘要回饋組有較佳的表現。2.有／無競爭情境對受試者的羽球發短球運動表現並無影響。3.給予立即回饋的受試者其羽球發短球運動表現顯著優於給予摘要回饋的受試者。4.結果獲悉和成敗知覺在歸因「運氣因素」上有交互作用的影響。成功知覺時，給予摘要回饋者比給予立即回饋者有較多的「運氣因素」歸因；給予摘要回饋時，成功知覺者比失敗者有較多的「運氣因素」歸因。5.有競爭情境的受試者比無競爭情境的受試者有較多的「平時努力因素」及「能力因素」歸因。6.成功知覺的受試者比失敗知覺的受試者有較多的「平時努力因素」及「能力因素」歸因。本研究根據結果與發現提出研究結果的應用，並對後續的研究提出若干建議。

The purposes of this study were: 1. to explore the effects of knowledge of results and competition situation on Backhand Short Serve of Badminton; and 2. to explore the effects of knowledge of results and competition situation on attribution of success/failure perceived. The subjects were 128 students selected. The subjects were administered Attribution Questionnaire. The findings were as follows: 1. The interaction of knowledge of results and competition situation on sport performance; 2. There were no significant difference of sport performance between the subjects under with/without competition situation; 3. The subjects given immediate feedback had better sport performance than that of the subjects given summary feedback; 4. The interaction of Feedback style and success/failure perceived on attribution of work-hand; 5. The subjects under with competition situation had more work-hard attribution and ability attribution than those of the subjects under without competition situation. 6. The subjects under success perceived had more work-hard attribution and less ability attribution than those of the subjects under failure perceived. Based on the results and findings of this study, some applications and further research suggestions were offered.

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