臨界負荷檢測方法之探討與應用

Assessments and Applications of the Critical Power

10.6194/SCS.2010.19.02

楊懿珊(Yi-Shan Yang)；鄭景峰(Ching-Feng Cheng)

臨界負荷 ； 結束功率 ； 有氧能力 ； critical power ； end power ； aerobic capacity

運動教練科學

19期（2010 / 09 / 01）

11 - 24

繁體中文

本文目的在於介紹臨界負荷(critical power, CP)檢測方法，並以文獻回顧方式比較CP檢測方法及其應用性。CP指長時間運動不會發生衰竭的最大負荷，而測量CP並不需昂貴儀器，因此成為近年來相當重要的耐力運動指標。藉由整理相關文獻後可知，CP概念可廣泛應用於許多運動項目上，且具有極高的效度，而大部分研究皆以多次（2~6次）固定負荷的方式進行衰竭測驗，並利用作功與時間、功率與時間倒數以及功率與時間之關係圖進行CP之判定。而近年的研究更發展出2次遞增負荷測驗與單次3分鐘衰竭測驗的方法來評估CP，大幅簡化了檢測的次數與時間。因此，運動員、教練以及運動從業人員可依需求選擇適用的臨界負荷計算公式，以有效地監控與安排訓練計畫。

The purpose of this study was to introduce and compare the determinative methods of critical power (CP) through reviewing the previous studies. CP is the maximum sustainable power output which can be maintained for a given amount of time. Due to the measurements of CP need not any expensive equipments, it became a very important parameter in the endurance exercise in recent years. In summary, the concept of CP can be widely used in many sporting events, and has high criterion-related validity. Most of studies used a couple of exhaustive tests (usually from 2 to 6 times) with constant intensity over several days to draw the relationships of work-time, power-time^(-1) and/or power-time, and then to determine the CP. The determinative method of the incremental exercise test and a 3-min all-out cycling test were developed in recent decades. These new methods substantially reduced the number of times of the exhaustive tests and the time of CP test. Therefore, the athletes, and coaches as well as the sports professionals can select the appropriate determinative methods depend upon their demands to effectively monitor and arrange the training program.

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