籃球教練運用暫停效果分析

The Effect Analysis of Basketball Coaches Using Time-Outs

10.6194/SCS.2010.19.05

林如瀚(Ju-Han Lin)；林清和(Qing-He Lin)

籃球暫停 ； 暫停時機 ； 暫停效果 ； basketball timeout ； timeout point differential ； timeout effect

運動教練科學

19期（2010 / 09 / 01）

55 - 67

繁體中文

本研究主要目地是透過籃球比賽場邊的記錄資料，分析教練暫停時比分差距、暫停的效果及暫停時間點三種資料，提供教練在運用暫停時參考。研究的資料來源為高中甲組籃球聯賽及社會甲組籃球聯賽，2001年71場，2002年12場，2003年98場，共902次暫停，研究方法是透過研究者親自以自編記錄表至每一場球賽登錄，並配合大會的記錄表做修正，蒐集的資料以描述統計、單因子變異數及趨勢圖進行分析，統計考驗的水準α設為.05。研究結果發現，在領先1分時43次是最多的請求暫停，其次是落後6分的41次，而第三是落後3分的39次，原則上無論領先或落後兩隊分數落差愈大請求暫停的次數愈少；在效果上，在領先8分、領先3分、落後6分時，教練若請求暫停則有較高有效暫停而較低無效暫停；在領先11分、領先5分、落後1分、落後4分，則有較多的無效暫停；在暫停點上，比分愈接近時無效暫停愈多，而比分差距愈大則有效暫停增加。最後建議後續研究可針對暫停的內容做分析，以釐清影響暫停效果的另一因素，提供教練暫停參考更多的貢獻。

The main purpose of this study was to analyze the point differential when a coach called a timeout, the effectiveness of the timeout and data points from data recorded during basketball competitions; to provide information for coaches to use before calling a timeout. The data comes from HBL and SBL competitions including 71 games in 2001, 12 games in 2002 and 98 games in 2003 for a total of 902 timeouts. For the method, the data was recorded by the researcher on a table created by him and then compared to the official score sheet for verification. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, one-way ANOVA and trend charts, with a significance of α=.05. The findings from the study showed that the most timeouts were called when the winning team was up by one point (43). Next, when a team was down by six points (41). The third most was when a team was down by three points (39). In principle, a team winning or losing by more called fewer timeouts. For effectiveness, when a coach called a timeout while leading by 8 or 3 points or trailing by 6 points, the timeout was more effective. When a team was leading by 11 or 5 points or trailing by 1 or 4 points, they had an ineffective timeout. From the data points it was observed that when the scores were closer, the timeouts were less effective. If the point differential was greater, the timeouts were more effective. Finally we suggest further research could be done to understand the instructional content during the timeout to identify another effect and provide more contributions for coaches.

1. 林如瀚、劉有德(2008)。訊息處理的實徵探討—關於籃球比賽暫停決策。體育學報，41(2)，1-12。
   連結：
2. Kozar, B.,Witfield, K. E.,Lord, R. H.,Mechikoff, R. A.(1993).Timeout before free-throw: Do the statistics support the strategy?.Perceptual and Motor skill,76,47-50.
3. Leet, James,Rushall(1984).Intercollegiate teams in competition. A field study to examine variables influencing contests results.International Journal Apply Sport Psychology,15,193-204.
4. Mowen, J. C.(1993).Consumer behavior.USA:Macmillan.
5. 林如瀚(2003)。臺北市，國立臺灣師範大學。
6. 黃崇儒(1998)。籃球比賽中請求暫停因素的探討。大專體育，35，110-114。

1. 曹立妍、李昭慶、方竹君(2012)。籃球比賽中教練請求暫停時機之策略。大專體育，121，60-66。
2. 歐宗明(2014)。運動教練行為分析系統LOCOBAS評析。長榮運動休閒學刊，8，52-63。
3. 謝宗諭,楊哲宜,楊致寬,沈欣漢(2023)。籃球比賽暫停對球隊得分之影響－以109學年度UBA大專籃球聯賽八強賽為例。輔仁大學體育學刊，22，24-43。