自我決定理論在教練工作上的應用

How to Apply the Self-Determination Theory into Sport Coaching?

10.6194/SCS.2010.20.01

鍾伯光(Pak-Kwong Chung)

自我決定理論教練工作 ； 基本心理需求 ； 學習動機 ； self-determination theory ； coaching ； basic psychological needs ； motivation

運動教練科學

20期（2010 / 12 / 01）

1 - 9

繁體中文

自我決定理論主張個人有三種基本心理需求，包括自主性、能力感、關聯性。當這三種心理需求愈得到滿足，在相關活動所付諸的行為的自發性愈高，其內在動機取向也愈強。同樣地，在運動訓練中，當運動員感受到教練給予他們在訓練中的支援愈加自主性，他們在上述三種心理需求的滿足感也愈高。在現今開放型社會，自我決定理論可以提供教練在培養運動員自發性和投入運動訓練的內在動機的理論依據。本文會介紹自我決定理論的基本概念和應用於教練工作上的方法。

The Self-determination Theory (SDT) suggests that individuals process three basic psychological needs, namely autonomy, competence, and relatedness. These psychological needs are related to the individuals' nature of determination and motivation in taking part in the activities. In other words, the more the individuals felt autonomous, competent, and sense of relatedness, the more their reasons for participating were self-determined in nature, as well as the higher their intrinsic motivational orientation would be with the individuals. In sport coaching, the higher the autonomous support from coach perceived by athletes, the more satisfactions the athletes received on the needs of autonomy, competence, and relatedness. In nowadays open society, STD could provide the theoretical framework for nurturing athletes and developing their self-motivation as well as autonomy in their pursuit of sporting excellence. This article will introduce ways of applying SDT into sport coaching.

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