跨越6.25M對男子籃球攻守表現的影響

Over the 6.25M Line: The Impact of Lengthening 3-Point Line in Men's Basketball Games

10.6194/SCS.2013.30.03

張學坤(Hsueh-Kun Chang)；曾國棟(Kuo-Tung Tseng)；劉有德(Yeou-Teh Liu)

籃球規則 ； 籃球三分線 ； 超級籃球聯賽 ； 攻守數據 ； Basketball rules ； 3-point line of Basketball game ； Super Basketball League ； Basketball statistics

運動教練科學

30期（2013 / 06 / 01）

27 - 39

繁體中文

規則的修改對於球賽的內容勢必會有所變化，2010年國際籃球協會（FIBA）宣布修改籃球規則，將三分線由原本的6.25公尺增至6.75公尺。國內超級籃球聯賽（SBL）於2010年（第八季）開始採用國際籃協所修改的新規則，本研究目的為暸解三分線規則修訂後對籃球攻守表現的影響，以2008-2012年（第六、七、八、九季）SBL7隊每季各105場，共420場例行賽之攻守數據，探討三分線距離修改後對於籃球比賽各項攻守表現之影響。本研究方法由SBL官網所取得的攻守紀錄資料，以隊為單位，將各隊各球季數據所佔百分比進行變異數分析。結果發現三分球距離修改後，三分球投籃次數顯著低於前兩季，同時三分球命中數與三分球命中率亦顯著低於前兩季，造成三分球得分之分數少於前兩季。雖然兩分球投籃次數在第八季明顯增加，但兩分球命中率的下降，兩分球進球數並未明顯增加，使總得分有下滑的趨勢。本研究結論對於SBL各隊開始在第八、九季採用三分線新規則後的例行賽中，三分球與兩分球的出手次數和進球的比例有明顯變化。為了因應新規則的實施，籃球訓練應隨之調整，以維持高水準的籃球攻守表現。

Rules change is bound to affect games played. In 2010, the International Basketball Federation (FIBA) announced the distance increase of the 3-point line position from 6.25 m to 6.75 m in order to keep up with the playing rules of the National Basketball Association (NBA) of the American professional basketball league. The Super Basketball League (SBL) of Taiwan adopted the new 3-point line regulation in season 8 (2010-2011). The purpose of the study was to examine the influence of implementing the new 3-point line regulation to the game performance of the SBL teams. The offensive and defensive statistics of 420 games from seasons 6, 7, 8, and 9 (2008-2012) of 7 teams were analyzed. All the performance statistics were downloaded from the official SBL website, and the ANOVA was used to perform the statistical analyses in percentage of each team over 4 seasons. The results showed that the number of 3-p field goal attempts, the number of 3-p field goals made, and the percentage of the 3-p field goals from the post-rule-change seasons were significantly lower than those from the pre-rule-change seasons, therefore the points scored with 3-p field goals from the post-rule-change seasons were significantly lower than the previous 2 seasons. The number of 2-p field goal attempts was significantly increased in the post-rule-change seasons. However, the significant drop of the 2-p field goal percentage from pre- to post-rule-change seasons did not help to increase the number of 2-p field goals made. As a result, the overall game scores were decreased for the pos t- rule-change seasons. In conclusion, the SBL team performances were influenced by the implementation of the new 3-point line regulation, especially in the number of field goal attempts and field goal percentages from 2-p and 3-p ranges. The training program of the SBL teams should be adjusted to cope with the new regulation in order to maintain a high performance of basketball games.

1. 吳喜松、高俊傑、楊紀瑜、羅玉枝(2010)。2010年10月國際籃球規則變動後對比賽影響之探討。運動休閒餐旅研究，5(4)，121-132。
   連結：
2. 郭正煜、張鈞淯、廖哲億(2011)。2010 年國際籃球規則三分線距離的增加對SBL三分球相關數據之影響。大專體育，117，63-69。
   連結：
3. 鄭智仁、周彥貞(2012)。三分線距離增加對HBL三分球相關數據之影響。交大體育學刊，4，75-81。
   連結：
4. 王昊飛、單磊（2008，4月25日）。籃球規則進行重大修改FIBA：不會完全去模仿NBA。資料引自 http://basketball.sina.com.hk/cgi-bin/nw/show.cgi/4/2/1/45584/1.html
5. George, M.,Evangelos, T.,Alexandros, K.,Athanasios, L.(2009).The inside game in World Basketball. Comparison between European and NBA teams.International Journal of Performance Analysis in Sport,9(2),157-164.
6. Hughes, M.(Ed.),Franks, I. M.(Ed.)(2008).The essentials of performance analysis: An introduction.New York:Routledge.
7. Newell, K. M.(1986).Constraints on the development of coordination.Motor development in children: Aspects of coordination and control,Dordrecht, Germany:
8. Ribas, R. L.,Navarro, R. M.,Tavares, F.,Gόmez, M. A.(2011).An analysis of the side of rebound in high level basketball games.International Journal of Performance Analysis in Sport,11(2),220-226.
9. 曾國棟(2011)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。臺北市，國立臺灣師範大學體育學系。
10. 曾國棟、李易潔、劉有德(2010)。比賽時間與比分對三分球投籃之影響。臺東大學體育學報，12，1-12。