輕艇測功儀預測輕艇靜水標桿之運動表現

Prediction of Obstacle Slalom Performance via Kayak/ Canoe Ergometry

10.6194/SCS.2016.42.07

李婷婷(Ting-Ting Lee)；李綿綿(Mien-Mien Lee)；簡鸝慧(Li-Hui Chien)；李再立(Tzai-Li Li)

臨界速度 ； 改良式溫蓋特無氧動力測試 ； 疲勞指數 ； critical velocity ； modified Wingate test ； fatigue index

運動教練科學

42期（2016 / 06 / 01）

61 - 72

繁體中文

本研究之目的旨在探討：當K 艇與C 艇選手分別進行輕艇靜水標桿衝刺測驗、不同距離輕艇測功儀衝刺測驗及改良式溫蓋特無氧動力測驗時，一、其運動時間、心跳率及運動後血乳酸濃度之間是否具有差異？二、其臨界速度及改良式溫蓋特無氧動力測驗指標間是否具有關聯性？三、以多元逐步迴歸分析建立靜水標桿表現的預測模式。本研究的對象為17 名K 艇選手（年齡：16.18 ± 3.40 歲；身高：171.31 ± 6.56 公分；體重：64.19 ± 8.05 公斤）及7 名C 艇選手（年齡：18.29 ± 2.81 歲；身高：173.29 ± 2.81 公分；體重：69.41 ± 15.46 公斤）。受試者被要求接受身體組成測量、靜水標桿運動表現測試、輕艇測功儀不同距離衝刺測驗（200 公尺、500 公尺、1,000 公尺及2,000 公尺）及改良式溫蓋特無氧動力測試。資料以混合設計二因子變異數（組別 × 測驗項目）、獨立樣本t檢定、皮爾森積差相關及多元逐步回歸分析進行統計考驗，顯著水準訂為α = .05。K 艇與C 艇在靜水標桿的競速表現沒有顯著差異，K 艇在輕艇測功儀不同距離衝刺測驗之表現均顯著優於C 艇選手，並且有較高的血乳酸濃度，但兩項目於心跳率無顯著差異；靜水標桿運動表現與輕艇測功儀測驗、臨界速度及溫蓋特無氧動力測試具有關聯性。本研究發現K 艇選手與C 艇選手在各種測驗的運動強度相當類似，但K 艇選手在輕艇測功儀測驗中比C 艇選手動員更多的肌群。評估K 艇靜水標桿運動表現的最佳預測指標是輕艇測功儀200 公尺測試的時間，其最佳預測公式為「K 艇靜水標桿運動表現 = 0.4961 × 測功儀200 公尺時間 + 10.015」；評估C 艇靜水標桿運動表現的最佳預測指標則是改良式溫蓋特無氧動力測試的疲勞指數，其最佳預測公式為「C 艇靜水標桿運動表現 = 0.0046 ×疲勞指數 + 0.2647」。

This study aimed to investigate: while the kayak and canoe athletes performing obstacle slalom, sprints on the kayak/canoe ergometry, and modified Wingate test, (1) are there differences among performance, HR_(peak) and LA_(post)? (2) are there correlations among performance, critical velocity, and modified Wingate test? and (3) establish a prediction formula of obstacle slalom performance. 17 kayak athletes (age 16.18 ± 3.40 years, height 171.31 ± 6.56 cm, and body mass 64.19 ± 8.05 kg) and 7 canoe athletes (age 18.29 ± 2.81 years, height 173.29 ± 2.81 cm, and body mass 69.41 ± 15.46 kg) were voluntarily recruited as the participants of this study. All participants were measured their body compositions and performances of obstacle slalom, spirits in different distances (200 m, 500 m, 1,000 m, and 2,000 m) and modified Wingate test on the kayak/canoe ergometry. Mix-design twoway ANOVA, paired t-test, Pearson's product moment correlation, and multiple stepwise regressions were adopted for statistical analysis. Significant difference was set as α = .05. The main findings of this study found that no significant difference between kayak and canoe in obstacle slalom performance was found, but kayak athletes performed better than canoe athletes in all sprint tests on the kayak/canoe ergometry. Kayak athletes were revealed higher blood lactate concentration, but there was no different of heart rate between kayak and canoe athletes. There were significant correlations among obstacle slalom performance, sprint tests on the kayak/canoe ergometry, critical velocity, and modified Wingate test. The result showed that the intensities of all sprint tests were similar between kayak athletes and canoe athletes, but kayak athletes recruited more muscles compared to canoe athletes according to the higher blood lactate levels. The best prediction formula for obstacle slalom performance would be: y = 0.4961 × Ergo 200-m + 10.015 (R^2 = .546, p = .001) for kayak athletes and y = 0.0047 × FI + 0.2647 (R^2 = .721, p = .013) for canoe athletes.

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