大專公開男子組110 m欄架選手基礎與專項體能素質之分析

Analysis of the General and Specific Physical Fitness in the College Division I Male 110 m Hurdlers

10.6194/SCS.201806_50.0001

陳天文(Tien-Wen Chen)

藥球過頂拋 ； 垂直跳高 ； 起跑至第一個欄 ； medicine ball overhead shot throw ； vertical jump ； start to first hurdle

運動教練科學

50期（2018 / 06 / 01）

1 - 9

繁體中文

110 m欄架的運動表現是由技術和各項身體能力決定，而跨越欄架最重要的體能要素包括一般和專項的身體能力。目的：分析國內大專公開組男子110 m欄架選手基礎與專項體能表現之狀況，以及探討優秀選手與一般選手基礎與專項體能表現之差異，並期可提供未來該運動項目選才評估之參考依據。方法：以大專公開組男子110 m欄架選手為受試對象，並分為一般與優秀二組選手。受試者皆測試一般體能（立定跳遠、立定雙腳三次跳遠、藥球過頂拋、垂直跳高），專項體能（站姿30 m 衝刺、起跑100 m衝刺、起跑至第一個欄、一步一欄連跨十欄），以及110 m專項運動表現。所得數據再以獨立樣本t檢定考驗二組之差異。結果：優秀組在一般體能項目的立定雙腳三次跳遠、藥球前拋及垂直跳高的表現顯著優於一般組，在專項體能的一步一欄連跨十欄與110 m欄架專項表現亦顯著高於一般組。結論：本研究結果顯示優秀選手有較佳的一般與專項體能表現，因此為能改善110 m欄架運動表現建議於訓練上應加強基礎與專項體能之能力。

Abstract: The performance of the 110 m hurdles is determined by technology and various physical abilities. The most important physical elements across the hurdles include general and special physical fitness. Purpose: This paper is to analyze the status of general and special physical fitness of 110 m hurdles in college division I male athletes, and to explore the differences between the general and specific physical fitness of elite players and general players. Methods: Men’s 110 m hurdles in college division I male athletes were selected as subjects, and they were divided into general and elite players. Subjects were tested for general fitness (standing long jump, standing triple jump, medicine ball overhead throw, vertical jump), specific physical fitness (30 m sprint, 100 m sprint, start to the first hurdle, one step across 10 hurdles) and 110 m hurdles performance. The resulting data is then tested with the independent sample t-test for the difference between the two groups. Results: The elite group performed significantly better than the general group in the standing triple jump, medicine ball overhead throw and vertical jump in the general physical fitness program. In the specific physical fitness, the one step across 10 hurdles and 110 m hurdles performance in the elite players were also significantly higher than the general group. Conclusions: The results of this study show that elite players have better general and specific physical fitness. Therefore, in order to improve the performance of the 110m hurdles, it is suggested that the basic and specific physical fitness should be strengthened.

1. 林彥廷(2013)。不同等級籃球選手專項體能比較與相關性研究。運動教練科學，29，19-34。
   連結：
2. 張琇雯、何維華、戴世然、陳安寶(2010)。110 公尺跨欄前導腳的動作特性對重心偏移之研究。華人運動生物力學期刊，4，33-38。
   連結：
3. 張碧峰、劉佳哲(2014)。優秀網球選手之下肢網球專項體能與底線擊球能力之研究。運動教練科學，34，1-9。
   連結：
4. 陳志榮(2014)。不同性別與技能水準網球選手專項體能之差異研究。運動教練科學，36，65-79。
   連結：
5. 陳東韋、盧廷峻、高文揚、林晉利(2016)。青少年網球選手專項體能檢測項目之差異與運動表現之相關研究。運動與遊憩研究，11(2)，123-134。
   連結：
6. 陳榮煌、陳和德、陳文進、陳雍元(2005)。專項體能對於武術散手運動之影響。中華體育季刊，19(3)，67-73。
   連結：
7. 蔡政霖、王莉莉、林信甫(2013)。身體素質對高爾夫運動表現的影響與應用。中華體育季刊，27(1)，39-46。
   連結：
8. 蕭智君、林貴福(2012)。羽球專項體能測驗之探討。中華體育季刊，26(3)，397-404。
   連結：
9. Abd El-Hamid, M. G.(2012).Effect of training by using the change in the official measurements on some special variables and record level of 110 m hurdles competitors.World Journal of Sport Sciences,6(2),152-156.
10. Baechle, T. R.,Earle, R. W.(2008).Essentials of strength training and conditioning.Champaign, IL:Human Kinetics.
11. Čoh, M.(2003).Biomechanical analysis of Colin Jackson's hurdle clearance technique.New Studies in Athletics,18(1),37-45.
12. Čoh. M.,Iskra, J.(2012).Biomechanical studies of 110 m hurdle clearance technique.Sport Science,5,10-14.
13. Fortes, L. S.,Almeida, S. S.,Ferreira, M. E. C.(2013).Anthropometric indicators of body dissatisfaction and inappropriate eating behaviors in young athletes.Revista Brasileira de Medicina do Esporte,19(1),35-39.
14. Gollhofer, A.,Kyröläinen, H.(1991).Neuromuscular control of the human leg extensor muscles in jump exercises under various stretch-load conditions.International Journal of Sports Medicine,12(1),34-40.
15. Guthrie, M.(2003).Coaching track and field successful.Champaign, IL:Human Kinetics.
16. Iskra, J.(1999).Parameters deter mining results in 110 m hurdle run.Sport Wyczynowy,5-6,8-22.
17. Iskra, J.(1995).The most effective technical training for the 110 meters hurdles.New Studies in Athletics,10(3),51-55.
18. Iskra, J.,Rygula, I.(2001).The optimization of training loads in high class hurdles.Journal of Human Kinetics,6,59-72.
19. Iskra, J.,Zajac, A.,Waskiewicz, Z.(2006).Laboratory and field tests in evaluation of anaerobic fitness in elite hurdlers.Journal of Human Kinetics,16,25-38.
20. Jarver, J.(2004).The hurdles: Contemporary theory, technique and training.Mountain View, CA:Tafnews Press.
21. Peplonska, B.,Adamczyk, J. G.,Siewierski, M.,Safranow, K.,Maruszak, A.,Sozanski, H.(2017).Genetic variants associated with physical and mental characteristics of the elite athletes in the Polish population.Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports,27(8),788-800.
22. Sidhu, A. S.(2015).Three dimensional kinematic analysis of hurdle clearance technique.Global Journal for Research Analysis,4(5),4-6.
23. Sidhu, A. S.,Singh, M.(2015).Kinematical analysis of hurdle clearance technique in 110 m hurdle race.International Journal of Behavioral Social and Movement Sciences,4(2),28-35.
24. Wang, Z.(2017).Men's decathlon high level athlete's performance characteristics.Proceedings of 2016 National Convention on Sports Science of China,Les Ulis, France:
25. Zhang, Y.,Liu, Y. M.(2014).110 m hurdle performance and physical quality indicator grey relational analysis based on matlab simulation.BioTechnology: An Indian Journal,10(3),505-510.
26. Zhu, J. T.(2013).Hurdle technique analysis and application of the 110 m hurdle based on human body motion mechanics.BioTechnology: An Indian Journal,8(6),721-726.
27. 王敏姿(2012)。跨欄運動項目選材。競技運動，14(1)，23-32。
28. 林建宏、蔡崇濱(2009)。競技羽球選手體能訓練方式之探討。運動健康與休閒學刊，18，25-30。
29. 張琇雯、戴世然、陳安寶、何維華(2008)。優秀男子110 公尺跨欄選手跨欄前後地面反作用力與重心變化之個案研究。2008 臺灣運動生物力學學會及臺灣生物力學學會聯合年會暨學術研討會和國科會醫學工程學門成果發表會論文集，臺中市:
30. 莊紋娟、陳科嘉、林耀豐(2009)。跆拳道專項運動能力訓練之探討。嘉大體育健康休閒期刊，8(1)，235-242。
31. 陳淑滿、蔡秀芳(1999)。桌球運動之體能結構及訓練方法。大專體育，45，54-59。
32. 蔣憶德(1997)。籃球運動的體能結構。大專體育，29，56-60。