社區精神分裂症照顧者之需要與負荷探討

Exploring the Needs and Burdens of Caregivers of Patients with Schizophrenia in the Community

10.6847/TJPMHN.200906_4(1).0001

葉人豪(Jen-Hao Yeh)；葉玲玲(Ling-Ling Yeh)；黃光華(Kuang-Hua Hung)；陳快樂(Happy Kuy-Lok Tan)；邵文娟(Wen-Chuan Shao)；陳宏(Hong Chen)

主要照顧者 ； 主要照顧者需要 ； 照顧者負荷 ； caregiver ； caregiver's need ； caregiver's burden

精神衛生護理雜誌

4卷1期（2009 / 06 / 01）

1 - 8

繁體中文

本研究目的主要想瞭解精神分裂症患者主要照顧者因照顧患者之需要及其負荷。以中部某精神專科教學醫院居家精神分裂症患者之主要照顧者為研究對象，採結構式問卷面對面訪談。訪談104位精神分裂症患者之主要照顧者後發現，在17項精神健康照護服務中平均需要12.8項，14項社會照顧服務中平均需要5.2項。主要照顧者認為需要幫助比率高於80%項目為有診所或醫院看診、有固定的人或機構看診、專業人員提供電話諮詢、有醫院可以急診、協助危險行為處理、連續性照護服務、醫療單位有人協助就醫、便利交通、生活補助費及經濟協助。主要照顧者總負荷分數為27.4分。以主要照顧者總負荷為依變項，精神健康照護與社會照顧服務需要項目數為自變項，患者與照顧者特質為控制變項進行迴歸分析。結果發現主要照顧者的總負荷與需要健康照護與社會照顧服務項目數無關，但與照顧者教育程度、身體狀況、每月家庭總收入及照顧病患時間有關。本研究結果可提供精神醫療實務、教學、研究，以及減輕照顧者負荷之政策參考。

This study aimed to understand the needs and burdens of caregivers of patients with schizophrenia. The researchers recruited as study subjects caregivers of home-care schizophrenic patients from a psychiatric teaching hospital in central Taiwan. One hundred and four caregivers were interviewed face-to-face with a structured questionnaire. The study results showed that: Among 17 items of mental healthcare services needed by caregivers, the average number used per caregiver was 12.8 items. Of 14 items of social care services needed by caregivers, the average number used per caregiver was 5.2 items. Percentages of need items of mental healthcare and social care services were higher than 80%, including access to clinic or hospital for treatment, designated personnel or unit available to treat patients, professional phone consultation, hospital to accept emergency, assistance in managing dangerous behavior, continuity healthcare service, medical assistance from medical unit, convenient transportation, subsistence allowance and financial assistance. The average total burden score for caregivers was 27.4 points. The study took the variable of total burden score as a dependent variable and the number of need items as an independent variable to conduct the multiple linear regression. The results indicated that there was no connection between the number of healthcare and social care service items needed by caregivers on the one hand and their total burden on the other. The caregivers' scores for total burden were significantly different from those for educational level, health condition, family income per month and time spent caring for patients per day. The research results could provide references to mental health systems on medical practice, teaching, research and the alleviation of the burden of caregivers in the community.

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