疲潰概念分析

Burnout: A Concept Analysis

10.6847/TJPMHN.202106_16(1).04

洪毓欣(Yu-Hsin Hung)；楊曉鏵(Hsiao-Hua Yang)；張伊雯(Yi-Wen Chang)；李歡芳(Huan-Fang Lee)

護理 ； 疲潰 ； 概念分析 ； burnout ； nursing ； conceptual analysis

精神衛生護理雜誌

16卷1期（2021 / 06 / 01）

27 - 34

繁體中文

疲潰（burnout）是影響護理人員離開職場的關鍵因素之一，更是攸關病人生命安全。研究證實護理人員工作疲潰不僅使個人情緒耗竭，也會導致低成就感與對病人失去關懷，最終會影響照護品質。雖然疲潰的現象常見於護理人員的工作環境，但疲潰的概念卻常與其他相似詞彙概念混淆，導致研究結果偏差及實務困境未能改善。因此，本文依據Walker and Avant（2019）提出的概念分析方法，進行護理疲潰的概念分析，藉此闡述其定義性特徵，透過列舉典型案例、邊緣案例、相關案例及相反案例，以釐清概念。同時本文也探討護理人員工作疲潰的發生因子與後果，並提出常用之工作疲潰量表。本文以增加護理人員對工作疲潰的辨識能力，並期待引起行政管理者對護理人員疲潰的重視，進而擬定相關策略以降低護理人員工作疲潰，增進臨床照護品質。

Burnout is a critical factor affecting nurses to leave the workplace, and it is also related to patient safety. Studies have established that burnout constitutes a state of emotion exhaustion that reduces job satisfaction, leading to the development of indifferent attitudes to patients and decline in the quality of care. Although the phenomenon of burnout is widespread among medical personnel, the term burnout is often confused with similar words. This paper undertakes a conceptual analysis of burnout using the method proposed by conceptual analysis guideline. We clarify the concept of burnout, describe the defining characteristics, present frequently used scales, and confirm the predisposing factors and effects by using examples of typical, borderline, related, and contrary cases. The findings provide nursing personnel with a conceptual understanding of burnout. The nursing administrators should increase awareness of nurse burnout and provide effective strategies for decreasing the burnout then improve quality of care.

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