台灣社區健康營造發展與護理

Developing Healthy Communities and Nursing in Taiwan

10.30145/STJHMNJ.200906.0006

謝春滿(Chun-Man Hsieh)；陳瑞娥(Jui-O Chen)

社區 ； 健康 ； 營造 ； 護理 ； Community ； health ； construction ； nursing

若瑟醫護雜誌

3卷1期（2009 / 06 / 01）

43 - 50

繁體中文

舒適的生活環境，不僅要追求個人健康，更要追求社區與城市的健康，而健康城市要從社區健康營造做起，如何建構以社區為基礎的健康促進與醫療服務系統是不容忽視的議題。近年來行政院衛生署努力推動社區健康營造計畫，目的是希望透過社區民眾主動參與並結合社區資源來改善社區環境，營造健康的社區，以達到全民健康的目標。醫護參與社區營造藉由多元途徑投入心力，結合學校、醫院、衛生所等團隊的力量，藉由疾病篩檢、衛生教育講座、活動設計、家庭訪視、健康咨詢、輔導、經驗交流等方式推廣，宣導定期檢查、正確就醫與用藥、疾病追蹤與控制，推動健康體能與健康飲食，養成均衡飲食、規律生活、口腔保健、安全促進、心理健康促進、健康體能、預防疾病、不良生活型態防制等保健行為。因此，社區衛生護理人員在社區健康營造扮演非常重要的角色，不僅要了解相關的理論與實務，並藉由實際的社區參與和行動來累積經驗和知識，進而使社區逐漸走向一個健康城市的理想境界。

It is necessary to pursue the health of individuals as well as community and city for comfortable living environment. The health city should be based on health construction of community. How to construct a health promoting and medical service system based on community can not be ignored. In 1999, Department of Health, Executive Yuan began to advance the Healthy Community Plan. The purposes were to improve community environment, establish a healthy community, and reach the goals of health for all through voluntary participation of people combining community resources. Community nursing staffs play an important role in constructing healthy community not only in realization of related theory and practice but also participation and action to accumulate experiences and knowledge, for examples, to assess and manage mental health of people, to process health lecture, to improve environment and to train volunteers, etc. The advanced goal for community was gradually trending to an ideal level of healthy city.