從啓蒙走向革命－論二○年代至三○年代初期胡也頻與丁玲的小說創作

From Enlightenment to Revolution-On the Novels of Hu Yepin and Ding Ling from the 1920s to Early 1930s

10.6187/tkujcl.201006.22-3

蘇敏逸(Min-Yi Su)

胡也頻 ； 丁玲 ； 五四啟蒙 ； 革命＋戀愛 ； Hu Yeping ； Ding Ling ； May Fourth Enlightenment ； Revolution and Romance

淡江中文學報

22期（2010 / 06 / 01）

67 - 103

繁體中文

胡也頻(1903-1931)和丁玲(1904-1986)在二○年代先後來到北京，1925年相識、相戀，並先後展開他們的文學生涯，而他們從二○年代到三○年代初期的文學發展完全貼合中國現代文學史從啟蒙走向革命的歷史道路。兩人早期的小說作品都受到五四新文化運動中「人的發現」的思想所影響，但兩人的關注焦點並不相同，胡也頻的小說直視社會底層的黑暗，描寫軍閥、盜匪橫行下群眾生活的艱難，傳統封建思想對精神的奴役導致國民性的愚昧、麻木與落後，以及五四一代知識份子的漂泊心靈；丁玲的小說則更關注女性個人的生命困境，企圖為五四之後出走的「娜拉」在荊棘的人生道路上披斬出一條自立之路。1928年胡也頻和丁玲來到上海後，受到左翼革命思潮的洗禮，作品帶有「革命＋戀愛」的色彩，但胡也頻的《到莫斯科去》和《光明在我們的前面》偏重革命與戀愛的一致，而丁玲的《韋護》、〈一九三○年春上海〉（之一、之二）則更偏重革命與戀愛的矛盾和衝突。本論文將透過對胡也頻和丁玲小說的爬梳和分析，比較兩人「從啟蒙走向革命」的文學道路有何異同，並由此說明兩人與文學史的對應關係。

Hu Yeping (1903-1931) came to Beijing in the 1920s and soon came DingNing (1904-1986). They got acquainted in 1925, fell in love, and each began their literary career, while their literary development from the 1920s to the early 1930s completely matched with the historical path of contemporary Chinese literature that went from enlightenment to revolution. Both of their early works were affected by the philosophy of ”discovering man” from the May Fourth New Culture Movement but their interests were different. The novels of Hu Yeping directed toward the darkness of the bottom of the society, which portrayed the difficult lives of people under the rampages of warlords and robbers, the national foolishness, numbness and backwardness due to spiritual enslavement of traditional feudal thinking, as well as the drifting souls of the intellects of the May Fourth generation; the novels of Ding Ling was more concerned with the personal predicament of life of females, attempting to open a road of independence in the difficult lives of the ”Noras” who were liberated after the May Fourth Movement. After Hu Yeping and Ding Ling came to Shanghai in 1928, they were influenced by the left-wing thoughts of revolution and their works started to show a hint of ”both revolution and romance.” However, the ”Heading to Moscow” and ”Bright Future is Down the Road” by Hu Yeping focused on the consistency between revolution and romance, while the ”Wei Hu” and the essays of ”Shanghai in the Spring of 1930 (Part Ⅰ and Part Ⅱ)” by DingNing placed more emphasis on the contradiction and contention between revolution and romance. Through explaining and analyzing the novels of Hu Yeping and Ding Ling, this research compared the similarities and differences between the literary paths of the two that ”began from enlightenment and turned to revolution,” and with these, this research also illustrated the corresponding relationships between these two writers and the history of literature.

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