鳳陽門中醫源流的傳說與正骨特色

The legend about the origin of Fengyangmen Traditional Chinese Medicine and its bone-setting features

10.29810/SJTTCM.202401_13(2).0005

高宗桂(Tsung-Kuei Kao)；高鶴亭(He-ting Kao)

鳳陽門 ； 骨傷科 ； 正骨 ； 傳說 ； 鎖骨骨折 ； 柯雷是骨折 ； 肩周炎 ； Fengyangmen ； Department of Orthopedics ； Bone Setting ； Legend ； Clavicle Fracture ； Koreshi Fracture ； Frozen Shoulder

臺灣中醫科學雜誌

13卷2期（2024 / 01 / 31）

48 - 60

繁體中文;英文

相傳東漢末年名醫董奉在安徽鳳陽旅居行醫多年，留下許多養生祛疾點穴治病經驗。到了明朝，其經驗結合當時醫家、道家與佛門禪宗養生功法而成為稍具規模的鳳陽中醫門派。明朝滅亡後，清政府為鎮壓復明的勢力，對朱元璋的故鄉鳳陽的統治尤其嚴厲，對該區傳統正骨醫學的發展也多有壓抑，從此只能秘密修習，俟到清末幾乎失傳。「鳳陽門」本是一武術門派名稱，由明太祖朱元璋命名。鳳陽門弟子在幫助朱元璋掃蕩群雄的戰爭中，常救治受傷的明軍將士，由此匯整出一套簡便易行又有效的治療骨折損傷的手法，於軍陣前救治明軍骨傷將士的事宜則由兼具正骨醫藥之長的鳳陽門弟子承當。相傳，鳳陽門派第1代掌門人是朱元璋的元帥徐達，當時鳳陽以後不斷發展完善，遂形成獨具特色的骨傷科流派。根據鄭福山所述，唐山覺先生是安徽省鳳陽人氏，也是明代鳳陽門骨傷流派第23代正骨宗師。1942年夏天從大陸渡海到淡水與鄭之父親結成好友，將其收為入門弟子。不僅傳授其鳳陽門骨傷流派的正骨絕技和師門秘方，而且還悉心傳授鳳陽門武功。鳳陽門骨傷流派學術思想包含1.正骨手法細膩、靈活、快捷、實用；2.意念歸一、精神集中與意念分散相輔為用；3.注重開放性骨折及肌肉、皮膚創傷的治療；4.閉合性骨折及外傷引起肌膚血腫的初期洽療原；5.強調整體觀念；6.鳳陽門點穴法；7.手法施用時強調意念歸一，以意念導引統領手法；8.鳳陽門骨傷學派內治法的特點；9.骨折外用藥物的三期治則；10.對於畸形癒合骨折的治療。

It is said that in the late Eastern Han Dynasty, the famous doctor Dong Feng lived and practiced medicine in Fengyang, Anhui for many years, leaving behind a lot of experience in maintaining health, curing diseases and treating diseases with acupoints. By the Ming Dynasty, its experience combined with the health-preserving practices of the medical practitioners, Taoists and Buddhist Zen sects at that time became the Fengyang traditional Chinese medicine sect of a relatively large scale. After the fall of the Ming Dynasty, in order to suppress the forces that revived the Ming Dynasty, the Qing government imposed particularly harsh rules on Fengyang, Zhu Yuanzhang's hometown. It also suppressed the development of traditional bone-setting medicine in the area. From then on, it could only be practiced in secret, and it was almost lost by the end of the Qing Dynasty. "Fengyangmen" was originally the name of a martial arts sect, named by Zhu Yuanzhang, Taizu of the Ming Dynasty. When Fengyang Clan disciples helped Zhu Yuanzhang sweep away the war, they often treated injured Ming army soldiers. From this, they compiled a set of simple and effective methods for treating fractures and injuries, and used them to treat Ming army soldiers with bone injuries in front of the military formation. The matters related to this are handled by Fengyang sect disciples who are also good at bone setting and medicine. According to legend, the first generation leader of the Fengyang sect was Zhu Yuanzhang's marshal Xu Da. At that time, the Fengyang Clan's task of rescuing Ming army soldiers with bone injuries in front of the military formation was undertaken by Fengyang Clan disciples who were also good at bone-setting medicine. After that, it continued to develop and improve, forming a unique school of orthopedics and traumatology. According to Zheng Fushan, Mr. Tang Shanjue was a native of Fengyang, Anhui Province, and was the 23rd generation bone-setting master of the Fengyang Sect of the Ming Dynasty. In the summer of 1942, he crossed the sea from the mainland to Tamsui and became friends with Zheng's father and accepted him as a disciple. Not only did he teach the unique bone-setting skills and secret recipes of his Fengyang Sect orthopedic injury school, but he also taught Fengyang Sect martial arts carefully. The academic thoughts of the Fengyangmen Orthopedics School include 1. The bone-setting techniques are delicate, flexible, fast and practical; 2. The unification of thoughts, concentration and dispersion of thoughts complement each other; 3. Focus on the treatment of open fractures and muscle and skin trauma ; 4. The initial treatment of closed fractures and skin hematomas caused by trauma; 5. Emphasis on the overall concept; 6. Fengyangmen acupoint method; 7. Emphasis on the unification of thoughts when performing techniques, and guiding the techniques with thoughts; 8. Characteristics of internal treatment methods of the Fengyangmen School of Orthopedics; 9. Three-stage treatment principles of external medications for fractures; 10. Treatment of malunion fractures.