肝臟移植之護理照護

Nursing Care of Patients Undergoing Liver Transplantation

10.6530/YYN.2008.2(1).05

廖麗琴(Li-Chin Liao)；王曼蒂(Man-Ti Wang)；黃惠紅(Huey-Horng Huang)

肝臟移植 ； 護理照護 ； Liver transplantation ； nursing care

源遠護理

2卷1期（2008 / 05 / 01）

38 - 43

繁體中文

肝臟移植手術是目前末期肝病最具治癒療效之方式，但目前國內、外肝臟捐贈來源缺乏。移植肝臟的來源可分為活體肝臟部分移植手術及屍體捐贈全部肝臟移植。接受肝臟手術移植後病患，需接受加護病房急性期之護理照護、普通病房恢復期連續護理照護，其接受護理照護的品質將關係著移植手術的成功率。本文針對接受肝臟移植手術的適應症、禁忌症、手術後合併症、手術後的護理照護、飲食衛教、返家後之居家照護及肝臟移植後之心理、社會問題做系統性介紹。期望護理人員藉由對肝臟移植手術過程的瞭解，更能了解病患移植術後各種健康問題，希望配合移植術後高規格的病患追蹤治療，增加肝臟移植病患之成功率及移植後的生活品質，進而提昇病患對生命延續的意義的肯定。

This article discusses indications, contraindications, complications, and post-operative mental and social problems of liver transplantation. Liver transplantation is the primary therapy for hepatic failure. However, there is a world-wide shortage of donors. The donor source includes live partial liver transplantation and cadaveric total liver transplantation. Post liver transplant patients will receive care in intensive care unit initially, transfer to acute care unit as condition stabilizes, and later go through long-term recovery process. The quality of nursing care influences the outcome of the transplant. Better understanding of the process of liver transplantation surgery will increase nurses' confidence when caring for post-surgery patients. The diligent patient follow-up and patient education will improve the quality of life, the successful rate, and a long-term survival of post-transplant patients.