吞嚥困難之概念分析

Dysphagia: A Concept Analysis

10.6530/YYN.2011.5(2).08

賴怡君(Yi-Jun Lai)；王桂芸(Kwua-Yun Wang)；陳金彌(Chin-Mi Chen)

吞嚥困難 ； 吞嚥評估 ； 概念分析 ； dysphagia ； swallowing assessment ； concept analysis

源遠護理

5卷2期（2011 / 11 / 01）

56 - 62

繁體中文

此篇文章應用Walker與Avant提出的概念分析方法，探討吞嚥困難之概念定義，包括特徵、前因後果、實例與測量工具。吞嚥困難使人處於營養不良和吸入性肺炎的高危險狀態，過去文獻較少對吞嚥困難之概念進行分析，本文分析結果顯示吞嚥困難（dysphagia）與吞嚥障礙（impaired swallowing）是可互換的詞，吞嚥困難被定義為食物很難從口腔通達到胃。吞嚥困難的定義性特徵可分為口腔、咽喉及食道三類；原因與機能不全、構造異常及其它因素有關；造成的影響為營養不良、脫水、吸入性肺炎及生活品質低下。

This article discusses conceptual definitions of dysphagia, including characteristics, antecedents and consequences, constructing examples, and empirical measurements using Walker & Avant's methodology of concept analysis. People with dysphagia condition are at high risk of malnutrition and aspirated pneumonia. There are limited resources in literature on the concept analysis of dysphagia. Dysphagia is interchangeable with impaired swallowing in the literature. It is defined as passage difficulty of food from mouth to stomach and is divided into three attributes: oral, pharyngeal and esophageal. The causes of dysphagia include malfunction, structural abnormalities and other problems; the influences of dysphagia such as malnutrition, dehydration, aspirated pneumonia and poor quality of life.